Using Shanghai household survey data in 2005, our paper made the following conclusions about unobserved employment:(1) Unobserved employment rate is very high, and at least over 40% of registered unemployed or laid-off people actually hold jobs which bring them certain income.(2) Compared with the employed group, individuals who are middle-aged, lowly educated, married, divorced or bereft of his/her spouse are more likely to be engaged in unobserved employment, i. e. to conceal their employment status.(3) If we don't consider unobserved employed people as really unemployed, then the real unemployment-stricken groups are mostly women and people with a bad health status.(4) Viewing from employment status, unobserved employment people are more concentrated in the industries with low technology, such as social service industry, working in the private enterprises, taking business service as their profession, and more likely to be self-employed.(5)Compared with observed employment, unobserved employment has many irregularities, such as no formal labor contract, social insurances and no labor union.
借助2005年上海市的微观调查数据，本文主要得到了如下几个方面有关隐性就业的发现：(1)隐性就业的比例非常高，保守的估计是超过40％的显性失业者实际上拥有能够获得一定收入的工作；(2)与就业人群相比，中年人、具有较低文化程度以及已婚或离异的个体更有可能从事隐性就业，而青年人、文化程度较高的个体、中共党员、未婚人员更不倾向于隐瞒就业状态，性别和健康特征对于个体是否隐瞒就业状态的影响并不显著；(3)如果考虑到隐性就业者是并非真正的失业者，那么，真正失业的困难群体更多的是女性和健康状态较差的人群；(4)从就业状态来看，隐性就业者更多地集中在技术含量不高的社会服务业等行业，更多地就业于私营企业，更多以商业服务业人员为职业，更有可能采取自我雇佣的就业形式；(5)相对于显性就业来说，隐性就业存在很多不规范的地方，比如不签订正式劳动合同、不缴纳社会保险等。
At the same time, Congress and the White House have decided to preserve a $70 billion measure - supported by an influential group of moderate Republicans in the Senate - that would shield millions of middle-income Americans from the alternative minimum tax, or AMT, a levy originally designed to hit the wealthy.
与此同时，国会和白宫已决定保留一个700亿美元的项目，这一项目获得了参议院中一批有影响力的温和共和党人的支持，该项目将使数百万中等收入美国人得以免缴替代最低税，这项税收原本是向富人征收的。
This middle income female group has independent economy ability, and they are knowledgable.
这类中等收入的女性群体拥有独立的经济能力，有知识有文化。
Toped by young to mid-aged male sorted by age, middle class and upper high-income groups by income, highly educated group by educational background.
游艇工业的读者群按年龄划分，以年轻至中年男性为主；按收入划分，以中产阶级以上的高收入阶层为主；以学历划分，以受过高等教育的人士为主。
The failure of charge policy on the price of real estate speeds up the rise of house price, aggravates those middle-low income group`s shoulder, restrains the development of other industries, results in the unbalance between economy structure and social structure, invites new unjustness on social distribution, contuses the enthusiasm of labours badly, brings profound social problems, and even induces the breakout of finance crisis, presenting a mass of bad debts towards finance organization, all of which make the whole country economy be in hot water.
房地产价格调控政策的失灵，使住房价格上涨过快，加重了中低收入人群的负担，抑制其他产业的发展，导致经济结构和社会结构的失衡，招致社会分配新的不公，严重挫伤劳动者对策积极性，带来了深刻的社会问题，甚至会导致金融危机的爆发，给金融机构带来大量的呆账和坏账，使整个国民经济陷入困境。
These commodities are mainly focused on middle income female group.
这些产品定位在中档收入的女性群体。
In product development, the Greenland Group will continue this year to middle-income and white-collar target customer base and strive to carry out mid-range residential products.
在产品开发，绿地集团今年将继续向中等收入和白领的目标客户群，并努力开展中档住宅产品。
Finally, this thesis puts forward the measures " to raise the proportion of the middle-income group " in market economy system, income distribution system, tax system and education etc.
最后，本文从市场经济体制、分配制度、税收制度以及教育等方面提出扩大中等收入者比重的政策措施。
The income level should be taken as the exclusive standard that differentiate the middle-income group from the other groups.
应该把收入水平作为中等收入者的唯一划分标准；
The middle class is truly smaller in the USA and the lower income group considerably more numerous than its citizens suppose, says a summary of the study, which suggests this might be partly linked to social mobility in the US.
研究摘要称，在美国，实际的中产阶层人数比其国民想象的更少，较低收入人群则庞大得多。报告提出，部分原因可能是美国的社会流动性较大。
Demand has also grown rapidly at the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the part of the World Bank Group that supports creditworthy low and middle-income countries.
国际复兴开发银行（IBRD，即世界银行集团支持有信誉的中等收入国家的机构）的需求也迅速增加了。
The existence of investment demand decreases the surplus of middle and low income consumer group;
投机需求的存在使得中低收入阶层的消费者剩余减少；
On this basis, will be a cluster within each of the provinces close to the division of real per capita GDP in a sample or group, is further divided into high-income, middle income and low-income group.
在此基础上将每一个集群内各省份的人均实际GDP相近的划分在一个样本或群体中，又进一步分为高收入、中收入和低收入组。
It is a new explanatory note to the traditional distribution system to enlarge the proportion of middle-income earners and raise the income level of low-income group.
扩大中等收入者比重，提高低收入者收入水平，这是在新的历史条件下对我国传统收入分配制度的一个新的注解。
The work hour elasticity to wage rate of female and male is -0.3237 and -0.3167 respectively in low income group and the work hour elasticity to wage rate of female is 0.1429 in middle and high income group, so there is inverse S curve in 2002 China's urban labor market.
低收入群体女性和男性工作时间的工资弹性分别为-0.3237和-0.3167，而女性中高收入群体工作时间的工资弹性为0.1429，说明倒S型劳动供给曲线在2002年中国城镇劳动力市场是存在的。
For urban middle-low-income citizens, it is difficult to improve the living conditions by their limited income. Some of them become no housing group, which directly impacts the social stability.
对于城镇中低收入阶层的居民来说，由于有限的收入难以改善现有的居住条件，容易形成无房户或者住房困难户，直接影响社会的稳定。
There is a huge middle-income group and they need imported clothing, laptops and cosmetics, 'said Mr. Zhou's number two, Yi Gang, in a December interview with the Chinese magazine Caixin.
中国央行副行长易纲去年12月份接受《财新》杂志采访时称，中国有一个庞大的中等收入群体，他们需要服装、笔记本电脑和化妆品等进口商品。
Personal values of the middle-income group contain benevolence, universalism, achievement, hedonism, security, self-direction, conformity, stimulation, tradition and power ten tendencies.
中等收入群体价值观有顺从、传统、安全、自我导向、刺激、享乐主义、权力、成就、慈善和博爱10个价值观倾向。
There is a huge middle-income group and they need imported clothing, laptops and cosmetics,'said Mr. Zhou's number two, Yi Gang, in a December interview with the Chinese magazine Caixin.
中国央行副行长易纲去年12月份接受《财新》杂志采访时称，中国有一个庞大的中等收入群体，他们需要服装、笔记本电脑和化妆品等进口商品。