It was found that external and intraparticle diffusion resistance could be eliminated in this experimental conditions.
在实验条件下，内、外扩散阻力可以消除或忽略，催化剂表面的化学反应是整个催化过程的控制步骤。
For explosives with high heat conductivity, surface temperature by calculation is higher.(2) The improved SCB chip with doped silicon may satisfy the conditions of igniting by low voltage. SCB chips by the doped process with oxygen-free silicon diffusion may keep resistance stable and consistent, and impurity concentration gradient helps to decreasing the ignition energy of SCB igniting device.
2采用改进的掺杂多晶硅结构的SCB芯片，能满足低电压点火要求；采用无氧的多晶硅扩散掺杂工艺制作SCB芯片能保持电阻稳定一致，能满足阻值要求，而且这种扩散工艺导致芯片杂质浓度的梯度正好有利于SCB点火装置发火能的降低。
For high current density, back diffusion water could not compensate water dragged with the protons, water content at membrane anode side decreased, membrane resistance increased. This was the main reason for the slopes of fuel cell volt~current density curves increasing at high current densities, which was a new viewpoint of this paper.
随着电流密度增大，膜阳极侧水含量由于扩散量不能完全补偿电迁移量，使得阳极侧水含量下降，膜电阻增大，是造成高电流密度时电池电压~电流密度曲线线性段斜率变大的主要原因。
For the same current density, coefficients of electro-osmotic drag, back diffusion and hydraulic permeation with water content in the membrane increased gradually along the gas flow direction, while net water transport coefficient and proton transport resistance decreased as operating pressure increased; [JP2]at the same time electro-osmotic drag, back diffusion, hydraulic permeation and net water transport coefficients and water content in the membrane increased rapidly, while proton transport resistance decreased, which improved the performance of PEM fuel cells.
分析模拟结果发现，当电流密度相同时，沿气体流动方向，质子交换膜中水的电渗拉力系数、反扩散系数和水力渗透系数逐步增大，而水的净迁移系数逐步减小；同时，质子交换膜的含水量增加，质子传递阻力逐步下降；增大电池的操作压力，电渗拉力系数、反扩散系数、水力渗透系数、水净迁移系数和质子膜的含水量增加，而质子传递阻力下降，使燃料电池的性能得到了提高。
Based on the mechanism equations of intrinsic kinetics, the complicated lumped macro-kinetics model under the control of inner diffusion resistance was developed. The model was solved by numerical calculation.
在本征动力学方程的基础上，利用集总的方法建立了内扩散控制下的异丁烯齐聚复杂反应动力学模型，并采用数值计算方法对该模型进行了求解，获得了异丁烯齐聚的集总宏观动力学方程。
Studies show that: a higher oxygen in the diffusion rate and solubility in the Nb alloy, and oxygen easily reacts with Nb to produce oxides, which makes high-temperature oxidation resistance of Nb poor.
研究表明：氧在Nb中具备较高的扩散速率和溶解度，且氧与Nb较易发生反应，生成氧化物，这使Nb的抗高温氧化性较差。
Objective:To study the clinical significance of the respiratory resistance and diffusion capacity in lung cancer patients.
目的 ：探讨脉冲振荡法对肺癌患者呼吸阻力和弥散功能的测定及临床意义。
The results show that the alternating current impedance diagram of the process is composed of one semicircle and one beeline being 45°to the horizontal axis in the first quadrants. The semicircle represents the resistance of the electrochemical reactions and capacitance of double layer and the beeline denotes the diffusion of resultant through the passivation of sulfur film and the sulfide mineral which is not reacted. The anodic polarization of sulfide minerals is controlled by electrochemistry and diffusion simultaneously. The supposed process is consistent with the actual anodic one of electrogenerative leaching of sulfide minerals.
研究结果表明：复数平面图由位于第一象限的1个半圆和1条与实轴成45°角的直线两部分组成，半圆由电化学反应电阻和双电层电容引起，直线为通过钝化硫层和未浸出的硫化矿层的扩散引起；矿物电极的极化过程由电化学极化和浓差极化混合控制，所假设的过程与硫化矿发电浸出时阳极实际进行的过程一致。
Methods:The VCO139 strain was used to detect the antibiotic resistance and the virulence gene by disc diffusion test(Kirby-Bauer mehtod) and PCR.
运用药敏试验及PCR方法，分析该霍乱弧菌的耐药性以及携带ctxA、tcpA毒力基因的情况。
Gas diffusion layer is one of the most important components in proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The contact resistance between current collector and gas diffusion layer is an important part of the total resistance of fuel cell and is also a key factor led to the power loss of PEMFC.
气体扩散层是质子交换膜燃料电池的重要组件，其与极板之间的接触电阻是燃料电池内阻的重要组成部分，也是导致燃料电池功率损失的重要因素。
Methods The resistance of Salmonella isolates were detected by drug susceptibility tests with KirbyBauer diffusion method. PCR was designed to detect tetA, tetB, tetC, tetD, tetE, tetG and tetK. The amplified products were sequenced and alignment analysis was performed.
用KB法测定分离株对四环素等21种抗生素的耐药情况，用PCR方法检测四环素耐药基因tetA、tetB、tetC、tetD、tetE、tetG及tetK，并对扩增产物进行测序。
Methods The resistance of Salmonella isolates were detected by drug susceptibility tests with Kirby Bauer diffusion method. PCR was designed to detect tetA, tetB, tetC, tetD, tetE, tetG and tetK. The amplified products were sequenced and alignment analysis was performed.
用KB法测定分离株对四环素等21种抗生素的耐药情况，用PCR方法检测四环素耐药基因tetA、tetB、tetC、tetD、tetE、tetG及tetK，并对扩增产物进行测序。
Methods resistance of Salmonella isolates were detected by drug susceptibility tests with KirbyBauer diffusion method. PCR was designed to detect tetA, tetB, tetC, tetD, tetE, tetG and tetK. The amplified products were sequenced and alignment analysis was performed.
用KB法测定分离株对四环素等21种抗生素的耐药情况，用PCR方法检测四环素耐药基因tetA、tetB、tetC、tetD、tetE、tetG及tetK，并对扩增产物进行测序。
Methods The resistance of Salmonella isolates were detected by drug susceptibility tests with KirbyBauer diffusion method. PCR was designed to detect tetA, tetB, tetC, tetD, tetE, tetG and tetK.
用KB法测定分离株对四环素等21种抗生素的耐药情况，用PCR方法检测四环素耐药基因tetA、tetB、tetC、tetD、tetE、tetG及tetK，并对扩增产物进行测序。
Their constitutive equations are obtained; 3 There are interactions among different orientation twins if deformation temperature is low, and cracks are induced which propagate along twin boundary. The titanium burning behavior was examined by DCSB method. The burning products and the burn-affected zone were examined by OM, SEM and X-ray diffractiometer. The studying results indicate that: 1 Ti40 alloy reveals good burn resistance, while both C. P. Ti and Ti-6-4 burn fast under the same ignition conditions; 2 Ti oxides, i. e. TiO, TiO〓 and Ti〓O〓, are the main products after C. P. Ti burn in the air. There are Al and V oxides besides Ti oxides after Ti-6-4 burn. The burning products of the binary Ti-Cr alloys are TiO〓, TiO and TiCrO〓; V oxides, i. e. VO and V〓O besides Ti oxides are produced after Ti40 does in the air, however, Cr oxides are not found; 3 Compared with C. P. Ti and Ti-6-4 alloy, the interface between burning products and matrix for Ti40 is tenacious, which is Cr-rich layer. This layer can retard the oxygen diffusion into the matrix, and reduce the burning velocity obviously. The key factor influencing burn is the tenacity of the burning products; 4 Effects of alloying elemental V on the burning velocity are not obvious. Cr content in binary Ti-Cr alloys increases (＞10%), the burning speed reduces, but binary Ti-Cr alloys do not possess burn resistance; 5 Titanium alloys can burn continuously among the oxygen-rich atmosphere. Their burning speed decreases with increasing the ratio of N〓 to O〓 and/or Ar to O〓. 6 The five burn stages and burning model are proposed, the burn resistant model is put forward, and two burn resistant mechanisms are proposed, i. e. fast dispersion heat mechanism and suspend oxygen diffusion mechanism. 7 Ti40 reveals good burn resistant behavior because of its low melting point, high thermal conductivity, tenacity of oxidation layer and so on.
利用直流电弧激发燃烧新实验方法，采用金相、SEM和X射线衍射仪等手段研究钛的燃烧行为，结果表明：1）Ti40合金具有优于纯钛和TC4的阻燃性能；2）纯Ti在空气中燃烧的主要产物是Ti的氧化物（TiO，TiO〓和Ti〓O〓）；TC4合金除有Ti的氧化物外还有Al和V的氧化物；Ti-Cr合金的燃烧产物中，除了存在Ti的氧化物外，还存在TiCrO〓的化合物；Ti40除有Ti的氧化物外还有V的氧化物，但不存在合金元素Cr的氧化物；3）与对比材料纯Ti和TC4合金相比，Ti40合金的燃烧产物与基体的界面较致密，为富Cr的氧化层，可阻碍氧向基体内扩散，使合金的燃烧速度明显降低；燃烧产物的致密性对阻燃至关重要；4）在本试验范围内，V含量的变化（25%～35%）对合金的燃烧速度没有明显影响；在Ti-Cr二元合金中，Cr含量升高燃烧速度降低，但Ti-Cr二元合金并不具有阻燃性能；5）钛合金在富氧环境中可持续燃烧，N〓/O〓流量比或Ar/O〓流量比升高，钛合金的燃烧速度降低；若钛合金燃烧，可用Ar气或N〓气灭火，N〓气效果更好；6）根据以上试验结果提出了钛合金燃烧过程的五个阶段和燃烧模型；建立了阻燃的物理模型；提出阻燃钛合金的快速散热和中断氧输送阻燃机理；7）Ti40合金具有良好的阻燃性能是因其熔点低、热导率高、氧化层致密等因素综合作用的结果。
It shows that the diffusion resistance of soybean protein in the aqueous phase and organic phase can be ignored and reextraction process is controlled by the interface resistance.
说明在反萃取过程中，大豆蛋白在有机相和水相两相内的扩散阻力可以忽略，界面阻力是传质过程中的主要阻力。
Lithologies are mostly sand and carbonate rocks, caps are mud rock, shale and magmatite. Entrap types are anticline, fault block rebuilt by breaking and the screened entrap diapered rock mass. The composition is CO_2, N_2, CH_4, C_2H_6 and He etc. It is magma air source body and its geologic fashions are intrusion and buried volcanic conduit. The relations between gas reservoirs and gas source bodies have three types: magma intrusion-breaking-communicated gas reservoir, magma intrusion-contacted CO_2 reservoir and buried volcanic conduit-contacted gas reservoir. The CO_2 migration in magma intrusion is consisted of fusing and crystallizing phases; it in volcanic conduit is consisted of near-surface effusion and crystallizing phases. The buoyancy of CO_2 in water far more than migration resistance in breaking or chink, CO_2 is easy float upward, the floating can results in differentiation of different density gases and concentration of sealed gas. The gas in sand reservoir firstly migrate into the higher porosity and coefficient of permeability sand, and along with the pressure going up it migrate into the lower. In magma intrusion-breaking-reservoir migration, CO_2 firstly migrate into watered breaking, began gravity differentiation and concentrate, the gas pressure time and again go up, CO_2 migrate into reservoir and concentrate under expansibility as the pressure reach upward a given extend. The CO_2 in reservoir experience four breaking modes: chemistry deposition, dissolution, diffusion and mechanic breaking, the pressure balance can be broken by faulting and the CO_2 will further migrate and form new reservoir.
济阳坳陷已发现的八里泊、阳25、平方王、平南、高青、花17 CO_2气藏主要储集层位有奥陶系、中生界、沙四段、沙三段、沙一段、馆陶组和明化镇组，储集层岩性以砂岩和碳酸盐岩为主，盖层以泥质岩、页岩和岩浆岩为主。；圈闭类型主要为受断裂改造的背斜、断块及刺穿岩体遮挡圈闭。；气体成分主要有CO_2、N_2、CH_4、C_2H_6、He等。；主要气源体为岩浆气源体，气源体的主要地质形式为侵入体和埋藏的火山通道。；气藏和气源体的空间关系有岩浆侵入体一断裂一气藏沟通型、岩浆侵入体-CO_2气储集层接触型和埋藏火山通道-气储集层接触型三种类型。；岩浆侵入体CO_2气运移分为熔融运移阶段和结晶运移阶段，火山通道中CO_2气运移分成近地表喷发阶段和结晶运移阶段。；断裂中，CO_2在水中的浮力远大于运移阻力，CO_2气容易上浮，CO_2在断裂中的易浮性导致不同密度气体的分异和走向上封闭的断裂气体相对富集。；气体在砂岩储集层运移聚集具有选择性，会优先进入孔隙度和渗透率较高的砂岩，随着压力增加，才会进入孔隙度和渗透率较低的砂岩；在岩浆气源体-断裂-储集层空间输导格架下，CO_2气在膨胀力的驱动下，首先进入含水的断裂并重力分异而聚集，气体压力会不断增高，当压力增至一定程度，CO_2气会向高孔隙度、渗透率的储集层运移并聚集。；在岩浆气源体-储集层接触空间输导格架下，CO_2气受膨胀力的驱动直接向储集层运移并聚集。；成藏的CO_2气会经历化学沉淀、溶解、扩散和机械破坏四种破坏方式，会受断裂切割而打破压力平衡，沿断裂进一步运移和聚集成藏。
In order to provide a photo detector in which the generation of spontaneous noise is suppressed and external noise is effectively reduced, a p-type diffusion layer is provided on the obverse side of an n-type semiconductor substrate, a p-type low-resistance layer is provided on the obverse side of the p-type diffusion layer, a lead frame is provided on the reverse side of the n-type semiconductor substrate with an insulative resin film in between, and the p-type low-resistance layer is electrically connected to the lead frame.
为了提供能够抑制自发噪声的产生并有效地减少外部噪声的光检测器，在n型半导体衬底正面设置p型扩散层，在p型扩散层正面设置p型低电阻层，在n型半导体衬底的反面设置引线框架、中间夹有绝缘树脂薄膜，p型低电阻层电连接到引线框架。
The polarization resistance of oxygen electrode is mainly caused by the slow Nernstian diffusion of O〓 and HO〓 and charge transfer resistance.
钙钛矿型双功能氧电极的阴极极化主要由电荷转移阻抗和O〓及还原产物HO〓的能斯特扩散阻抗决定。
The experimental results show that steady state creep rates significantly decrease with the adding of niobium element to form Mo-Nb solid solution alloys, which enhanced the diffusion resistance among atoms.
结果表明，Mo-Nb合金单晶中，溶质原子Nb的添加增大了原子间扩散阻力，使材料高温稳态蠕变率减小，大大提高了材料的高温抗蠕变性能；在1500℃，10MPa时，Mo-3Nb合金单晶的稳态蠕变率较纯Mo单晶降低了3个数量级，且其蠕变机理为扩散蠕变。