Recently, the biophotonics advances and several new ways of breaking diffraction limit on the optical imaging are described in this paper. In particular, the progresses on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer microscopy and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, as well as their applications for resolving molecular biologic problem are discussed in detail.
本文综述了近年来在分子生物探测中光子学的情况，简介了几种突破光学衍射极限的探测方法，着重阐明了与生化技术密切相关的荧光共振能量转移和荧光相关光谱显微术及其在分子生物学中的应用。
The main research contents are as follows:1. Through massive calculation, analysis and comparison, sum up the similarities and differences between the special-shaped cross sections and rectangular cross sections in mechanical features, between reinforced concrete special-shaped columns and rectangular columns in load-bearing capacity, ductility performance and provide necessary basic concepts and data for further understanding the characteristics of the special-shaped columns; 2. Through massive elastic calculations and elasto-plastic analysis, under the preconditions of satisfying the code`s requirements for axial compression ratio, limit value of lateral displacement and load-bearing capacity of normal section, oblique section and beam-column joint, under circumstances of different intensity of earthquake, structure dead weight, sort of site and column grid bay dimension, the variation regularity of maximum suitable height of structure, and thus sum up the maximum suitable height of structure for code for the purpose of macro-control while deciding the design scheme; 3. Make a preliminary study on the stress feature of reinforced concrete special-shaped column and Z-shaped column of which the ratio of limb length to limb thickness is between 4~5, and the preliminary design method is suggested; 4. Through elato-plastic time history dynamic analysis of typical projects, check up the weak storey of the special-shaped column structure and yielding, breaking and collapse mechanism to satisfy the earthquake resistant requirement to buildings of remaining stand under strong earthquake; 5. Derive for project use simplified calculation formula of vibration period, suitable vibration period, suitable rigidity of special-shaped column structure through theoretical analysis, and provide an easy and practical method for deciding the structure scheme economically, safely and reasonably; 6. Based on the study achievements in theory and massive analysis and calculations of this paper, sum up the regularities of inner force, deformation of special-shaped column structure and seismic conceptual design, and thus the suggection of seismic design of special-shaped column structures is presented.
本文研究的主要内容如下：通过大量的计算、分析和对比，总结出异形截面与矩形截面在力学特性、钢筋混凝土异形截面柱与矩形截面柱在承载能力、延性性能等方面的异同，为深入了解异形截面柱的特点提供必要的基本概念和数据；通过大量的弹性及弹塑性计算分析，在满足规程对轴压比、侧移限值及正截面、斜截面、节点承载力抗震验算要求的前提下，在不同抗震设防烈度、结构自重、场地类别及柱网开间尺寸情况下最大适宜高度的变化规律，并在此基础上总结归纳出异形柱结构的最大适用高度规定，可用于规程，以便于在确定方案时起到宏观控制的作用；对肢长与肢厚比在4～5的钢筋混凝土异形截面柱及Z形柱的受力特点进行初步探讨，提出初步的设计方法；通过对典型工程的弹塑性动力时程分析，检验异形柱结构的薄弱层及屈服、破坏、倒塌机制，以达到建筑物大震不倒的抗震设防要求；通过理论分析，推导出异形柱结构自振周期，以及适宜自振周期、适宜刚度的工程实用简化计算公式，为经济、安全、合理地确定结构方案提供简便实用的方法；在本文理论分析、计算以及大量的研究成果基础上，总结归纳出异形柱结构内力、变形的规律及抗震概念设计内容，并在此基础上提出异形柱结构的抗震设计建议。
Minimum breaking load is 5 times the working load limit.
破断负荷为5倍工作极限负荷。
Developing electronic bank is the important method of breaking the mesh point and the region limit、and developing the high customer.
发展电子银行作为突破网点和地域限制、抢夺高端客户的重要手段。
Especially in the local music scene, when numerous talented new comers debuted every year. It has to be a tough job for producing a new album: pressure from breaking previous sales records, and pressure from challenging one's limit to excel. It takes someone with the resistance experience to come through the pressure with flying colours.
在每年新人辈出，后起之秀不胜枚举，「上位」歌手比比皆是的年代里，每制作一张唱片都是极大挑战，但在种种挑战，层层负担下仍能依然故我，来去自如的彷佛只有这位众人哥哥~张国荣。
On the advance of mobile devices, the efficiency and the limit of bandwidth have already breaking through the mobile device such as mobile phone, PDA and so on. The add value of the mobile device is increasing day by day. Many telecoms supply e-cash which can pay in the internet or materially merchant to improve the utilization rate and consumer loyalty.
在行动装置的发展上，如PDA、手机等等行动装置的效能及频宽限制都已经有突破性的进展，在行动装置上的加值服务及附加功能也日益增加，各大行动通讯业者爲了增加使用者的使用率及加强其忠诚度，进而推出在网际网路上或一般实体商店等的消费管道都可以使用的电子现金。
In this paper from theories of chip - froming and chip - breaking, the limit feed formula is induced through the study of the influence of four geometrical parameters of planer chip-breaking groove upon limit feed, and the base is established for studying complex three dimensional chip - breaking groove.
从切屑形成与折断机理出发，研究了二维刀片槽型4个几何参数对切屑上向卷曲半径及极限进给量的影响规律，推导出槽型参数影响切屑上向卷曲半径及极限进给量的理论预报关系式，为研究复杂三维刀片槽型提供依据。
The formula of critical feed rate when aluminum alloy is cut by PCD tool with a chip breaker has been derived from the theory of up -curl chip breaking limit s.
从上向弯曲切屑折断界限理论出发，通过槽型参数的变化，推导出了PCD刀具采用断屑器切削铝合金时切屑折断极限进给量的理论预报公式，经过对理论公式的简化变换，给出了实用预报公式。
But it only can use one time, after once puts on cannot again take off, because extinguished actually its witch collects the strength under its influence already to surmount its own limit, too crossed the exuberant flame finally to be able to burn oneself, when it is loosened once more, the technique in instantaneous will obtain certainly the big strength, but in after, also will lose his/her body for extinguished actually all abilities Constrains the word spirit: The light depends on the technique name to be able the reflective launch technique Pulls the star box: God of death aristocrat's symbol * Breaks the Asian space newly, in order to does not let the space which the present world and the corpse soul each other contact produces impractically in the traversing break the accident separately outside the samsara soul, paces back and forth is breaking, passes through year after year gathers in together, afterwards the soul can separate the memory and the energy, does for returns to the samsara to prepare.
不过它只能使用一次，一旦戴上后就不能再脱下来，因为灭却师在它的影响下其灵子收束力已经超越了其自身的极限，太过旺盛的火焰最终会烧伤自身，当它再次被解下时，术者将在瞬间得到绝大的力量，但在之后，也将失去其身为灭却师的所有能力压抑言灵：光靠术名就能反射性的发动术牵星箱：死神贵族的象征吧（朽木白哉头上的东西★新断界亚空间，为了不让现世与尸魂界彼此接触而产生的空间虚浮在穿越断界意外失散于轮回外的魂魄，徘徊在断界，经过长年累月聚集在一起，之后魂魄会分离出记忆和能量，做为重返轮回做准备
However, in the later period of the Dynasty, because of breaking away of royal government fundamental principles, either as a result of general mood of society custom changes, or because of the social ideological trend's steering, the prohibited thoughts were widely disseminated with the novels as the medium, and to some extent, it broke through the limit of the royal government's prohibition.
然而到了明代后期，或由于朝廷纲纪的废弛，或由于世风习俗的变化，或由于社会思潮的转向，违禁思想以小说为媒介广泛传播开来，一定程度上突破了朝廷禁令的限制。
Don't press the handsaw excessively or twist the saw blade. Saw it gently while the work-piece is breaking. Compressive residual stress are the main factor in the increase of torsion fatigue limit.
使用手锯时，不可用力重压或扭转锯条，工件将断时，应轻轻锯割。喷丸后扭转疲劳极限提高的主要原因是残余压应力的作用。
Saudi Arabia is already breaking its own opec-imposed production quota limit (as are most other OPEC members) and producing an astounding 9.9 million barrels a day, putting it close to a 31-year production high.
沙特已经打破OPEC设置的产能限额（OPEC大多数成员国也是如此），每天产量达到了990万桶。
According to above vacuum interrupter contact structure, 3-d simulation of axial magnetic field at limit breaking current and residual magnetic field at breaking current zero have been carried out.
对上述真空灭弧室纵向触头结构在极限分断电流下的纵向磁场强度及其分布、以及开断电流过零后剩余磁场进行了仿真分析。
Genotype of explants was main factor affecting initiation rate of somatic embryo and optimization of media and combination of hormone were effective methods for breaking the limit of recalcitration genotype.
外植体基因型是影响体胚诱导率的关键因素，通过培养基、激素组合及其它培养条件的优化是打破离体培养顽拗型基因型限制的有效措施。
The lower limit ends in2005, the consecutive great and major events are required to provide the whole story shall be recorded by breaking its limits to the recording time.
下限到2005年，对有些连续性强需述明原委的大事、要事则越限延伸至搁笔为止。
The endurance limit of the high strength link plates of 1 (1/2 ″) oil field roller chains manufactured in China using the above parameters has reached 31% of the rated breaking load of the roller chains.
采用该参数试制的1（1/2）时高强度石油滚子链的疲劳极限已达到滚子链额定破断负荷的31%。
The limit wave height, that is, breaking wave height, is usually adopted as the design wave height for the offshore structures that are most build on very gentle slopes, hence the breaking height research is very important to engineering application.
我国沿海岸建筑物大多建于平缓浅水海域，其设计波高均取当地的极限波高即破碎波高，因此对缓坡上破碎波高的研究具有极强的工程实用价值。
The research aimed to open a new way for raising the magnification of anatomical lens and breaking the limit of micromanipulation.
［目的］为提高解剖镜的放大倍数和打破显微操作的极限开辟新途径。
It makes a single index node can hold any number of keyword by using a cipher-text block array to organize the encrypted keywords, thus breaking the limit on number of keywords in the index node by the encryption length.
通过用密文块数组来组织加密关键字的方法，使得单个索引节点可以容纳任意数量的关键字，从而突破了加密长度对索引节点中关键字字数的限制。
TRIPS is advancing the process of international trade freedom in a large degree, breaking the inherent area limit of intellectual property right and setting up a uniformed executive lowest stander.
TRIPS协议在很大程度上促进了国际贸易的自由化进程，为世界范围内的知识产权保护建立统一可执行的最低标准，打破了知识产权所固有的地域性的限制。