The probability functions of carriers occupying the impurity level are calculated by applying the Fermi-Dirac distribution function and the thermal-equilibrium theory of the impurity ionization, the result accord with that obtained by applying the conventional thermodynamic and statistical theory and the method of computing the chemical potential.
利用费米分布函数和杂质电离的热平衡理论计算了载流子在杂质能级上的占据概率，其结果与传统的热力学统计理论及计算化学势方法得到的结果完全一致。
The electron and hole system are described by a Fermi-Dirac distribution with two parameters: the quasi-Fermi level μ and the carrier temperature Tc which is initially higher than the lattice temperature Tc > TL.
这时电子和空穴各自分布在能带底，形成准费米狄拉克分布。这种热平衡费米分布可以用两个参数来描述，准费米能级μ和载流子温度Tc，开始时载流子温度高于晶格温度Tc>Tl。
In high energy density plasmas produced by intense laser pulses, electrons are degenerated and obey the Fermi-Dirac distribution. The electron degeneracy leads to consider the Fermi statistics pressure and the quantum Bohm potential. Meanwhile, electrons are relativistic due to driving by intense laser pulses.
在强激光束产生的高能量致密等离子体，电子的简并使得我们必须考虑Fermi统计压力和Bohm势；由于强激光脉冲的作用，电子是相对论性。
Elementary derivation of Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein distribution
费米-狄拉克分布和玻色-爱因斯坦分布的简单推导