Maximum value of ring-porous species-Fraxinus mandshurica, Fraxinus mandshurica, Phellodendron amurense, Quercus mongolica, semi ring-porous Juglans mandshurica, diffuse-porous Betula platyphylla, Tilia amurensis and non-porous Pinus sylvestris, Pinus koraiensis were as following: 430.53, 516.36, 234.00, 625.93, 945.83, 199.49, 507.93, 142.43, 286.21cm〓cm〓h〓 in diumal course during the growing season, The sap flow persisted after leaf senescence until the mid-October.
在生长季中环孔材水曲柳、水曲柳、黄波罗、蒙古栎树干液流密度日最大峰值分别为430.53（8月末）、516.36（9月中旬）、234.00（7月下旬）、625.93 cm〓cm〓h〓（9月初）；半环孔材胡桃楸为945.83 cm〓cm〓h〓；散孔材白桦和紫椴分别为199.49（9月上旬）、507.93 cm〓cm〓h〓（8月上旬）；针叶材樟子松、红松分别为142.43（7月中旬）、286.21cm〓cm〓h〓（7月下旬）。
Summer of the natural landscape and close-knit nature are: the mountains to see the sunrise, feel the wind around the clouds, to join the clean green world, Liang Feng Pan cyana singing, light lyric step in Betula platyphylla, green lawn in the fun, picking and artless The Yamahana, Shi Ming Dynasty Great Wall expedition.
夏季的天然景观及与大自然紧密结合的内容有：看高山日出、感受云雾缭绕，投身洁净的绿色天地，攀喜鹊梁峰高歌，轻步白桦林中抒情，在翠绿的草坪上尽兴，采摘烂漫的山花，远征明代石长城。
Mountain sunrise to see and feel to fog filled, to join the clean green world, Liang Feng Pan cyana singing, light lyric step in Betula platyphylla, green lawn in the fun, picking Yamahana artless, Shi Ming Dynasty Great Wall expedition.
看高山日出，感受去雾缭绕，投身洁净的绿色天地，攀喜鹊梁峰高歌，轻步白桦林中抒情，在翠绿的草坪上尽兴，采摘烂漫的山花，远征明代石长城。
Song Ming is located in Forest Park, Prince Rock Mountain, the relative elevation, and many types of animals and plants, shrubs up to more than 130 kinds, Division of alpine fir, iron Cheng; Center distributed spruce, red Betula, birch, mountain Yang; low distribution of Chinese Pine Mountain, poplar, larch; forest, bright colors, unique shape of the azalea flower, Hydrangea macrophylla, primrose, willow spent nearly a hundred species of wild flowers, etc.; have distributed widely; a large number of Zushima, 3-pin, 9 calamus, Sichuan Chishao, Astragalus, purple Hu, deer, such as with grass.
松鸣岩森林公园地处太子山林区，相对高差大，动植物类繁多，乔灌木多达130多种，高山分部着冷杉、铁桦；中心分布着云杉、红桦、白桦、山杨；低山分布油松、杨树、落叶松；林中花色鲜艳，花形独特的杜鹃、八仙花、报春花、柳叶花等近百种野生花卉；有分布广范；数量较多的祖师麻、三棵针、九节昌蒲、川赤芍、黄芪、紫胡、鹿含草等。
In addition, the attention of the timber and its products pre-sales promotion and after-sales service, so that timber sales smoother, higher average price level, with Manchurian ash, oak, elm, linden, Betula and other broad-leaved timber sales better, especially the large Catalpa Drive, high-quality wood, color wood prices high, the average per cubic meter in the 150 yuan year-on-year increase from top to bottom.
此外，注意对木材及其产品的售前推广和售后服务，使木材销售顺畅，更高的平均价格水平，水曲柳，柞木，榆木，椴，桦等阔叶木材销售更好，尤其是大楸驱动器，高品质的木材，颜色木材价格高，平均每立方米在150元比去年同期增加从上到下。
Bank; (2) Betula utilis occurred in 16 out of 21 plots.
大； 而在低海拔则相对较小。
Betula platyphylla Suk is a kind of valuable economic tree species.
白桦是一种具有较高经济价值的树种。
In this paper, the short-term effects of two levels of air temperature and light (full light and ca. 10% of full light regimes) on the early growthand physiology of Picea asperata, Abies faxoniana and Betula albo-sinensis seedlingswas determined using open-top chambers. The aim of the present study wasto understand the differences between tree species in their responses to experimentalwarming from the perspective of regeneration. Our results could provide insights intothe effects of climate warming on community composition and regeneration behavior for the subalpine coniferous forest ecosystem processes, and provide scientificdirection for the production and management under future climate change.
本文以青藏高原东部亚高山针叶林几种主要森林树种为研究对象，采用开顶式增温法模拟气候变暖来研究增温对生长在两种不同光环境下(全光条件和林下低光环境)的几种幼苗早期生长和生理的影响，旨在从更新角度探讨亚高山针叶林生态系统不同树种对气候变暖在形态或生理上的响应差异，其研究结果可在一定程度上为预测气候变暖对亚高山针叶林物种组成和演替动态提供科学依据，同时也可为未来林业生产管理者提供科学指导。
The main forest tree species have red Omega, many fruit Terminalia, Miller, mountain sweet-scented osmanthus, Hung-chun, iron piling, Betula, Quercus°×, Calligonum, yellow seedling common wood flooring material, furniture material, such as the Department of 10 species of.
该森林主要树种有红梅嘎、多果榄仁、斯米勒、山桂花、红椿、铁椿、西南桦、白丝栎、拐枣、黄秧木等常见地板料、家具料等10系种。
In Betula luminifera forest and Pleioblastus amarus forest, the R/S values of the three types of soil microbes were 1.37 and 1.24 respectively.
在两林地中，微生物优势类群中的链霉菌和木霉菌的R/S值都大于1，酵母菌的R/S值都小于1。
Genetic variation was evaluated using phenotypic traits and RAPD markers in 8 natural populations of Betula luminifera from Fujian Province, China. The relationship between genetic variation and environmental factors was also examined.
采用表型性状测定结合RAPD标记，研究福建境内8个光皮桦野生种群的遗传变异，探讨遗传变异与环境因子间的相关性。
The living Betula luminifera is the nearest living relative species of fossil Betula mioluminifera and is also an endemic species in China. It grows from 500~1800 m above sea level, within the geographic range from 101°E to 119°E and 23°N to 34°N.
其现存最近亲缘种亮叶桦生活在101～119°E，23～34°N之间，海拔500～1800 m的山区，是我国特有树种。
Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, N:P ratio, nutrient retranslocation efficiency of mature and senescent leaves in pure and mixed protection forest of Betula luminifera and Cunninghamia lanceolata were discussed in this paper.
以福建省三明市郊国有林场的光皮桦、杉木为研究对象，探讨了纯林和混交林成熟叶与衰老叶中的养分状况、氮磷比、养分内转移率以及它们之间的关系。
Among them, the quantity ofMicrococcus and yeast was higher in summer and winter than spring and autumn; and the quantity of Bacillus was the highest in autumn, and the least in summer; and in Pleioblastus amarus forest and cropland, the quantity of Streptomyces was the highest in summer, and the least in winter; while it was higher in spring than other seasons in Betula luminifera.
其中，微球菌和酵母菌在夏季和冬季的数量较大；芽孢杆菌在秋季数量最大，夏季数量最小；链霉菌在苦竹林和农耕地中的夏季数量最大，冬季数量最少，而在桦木林中春季数量较大；游动放线菌与木霉菌在三样地中受季节条件变化的影响较小。
Calli treated with different concentrations of ethyl methane sulfonate and treatment times.
用不同浓度的甲基磺酸乙酯(ethyl methane sulfonate，EMS)对白桦Betula platyphalla Sak。
The value a and soil water content of different vegetations were ranged in order from higher ones to lower ones as follow:Quercus laotungensis, Betula platyphylla Suk., Populus davidiana Dode., Sophora viciifolia, Artemisia sacrorum, Both...
在同一吸力段范围内，土壤含水量由高到低的次序为：辽东栎林群落、山杨林群落、白桦林群落、虎榛子群落、狼牙刺群落、白羊草群落、铁杆蒿群落、撂荒地。
Between shrub and herb layers, the difference of each index was not significant The total richness index and Shannon-Wiener index of Phellodendron amurense plantation community were all the highest than those of the other communities.(2) The total richness index of Machilus pingii- Quercus oxyodon evergreen broad-leaved forest community, Alnus cremastogyne-Betula luminifera-Quercus oxyodon evergreen-deciduous broad-leaved forest community and Rhus potaninii- Juglans sigillata- Quercus oxyodon evergreen-deciduous broad-leaved forest community all exceeded 31.These communities, the dominance species in their shrub layers is Fargesia rufa, such as Betula luminifera-Rhus chinensis-Quercus oxyodon evergreen-deciduous broad-leaved forest community, Quercus oxyodon-Litsea pungens-Cornus macrophylla evergreen-deciduous broad-leaved forest community, Cornus macrophylla- Acer caudatum var.
2润楠-曼椆常绿阔叶林、桤木-亮叶桦-曼椆常绿落叶阔叶混交林、青麸杨-野核桃-曼椆常绿落叶阔叶混交林群落的总体丰富度指数均大于31；在灌木层以青川箭竹为主的群落(亮叶桦-盐肤木-曼椆常绿落叶阔叶混交林、曼椆-木姜子-梾木常绿落叶阔叶混交林、梾木-川滇长尾槭-落叶阔叶林、川西樱桃-尾叶樱-川滇长尾槭落叶阔叶林)中，各群落总体丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数较小，总体优势度指数较大；8种次生林群落灌木层丰富度指数均高于乔木层，乔-灌层间丰富度指数差异性检验达显著水平；乔-草层间的丰富度指数差异性检验达极显著水平，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数差异达显著水平；灌-草层间的多样性指数和优势度指数差异性检验均达显著水平。
The effect of humic acid with the concentration of 850mg/L on improving the drought-resistance of Populus alba x Populus breolinensis seedlings was very obvious, and favorable regulative effects of humic acid with the concentrations of 850 and 650 mg/L on Ulmus pumila seedlings were also observed, but the effect of humic acid on Betula platyphylla seedlings was not distinct.
浓度为850 mg／L的黄腐酸对提高银中杨苗木抗旱性效果明显，浓度为850 mg／L和650mg／L的黄腐酸对白榆苗木抗旱性均有良好的调节作用，黄腐酸对白桦苗木抗旱性的调节作用不明显。
The results show that, except a few samples, arboreal pollen is predominant inalmost all pollen assemblages; Pinus and Betula are the main pollen types in quantities and they are foundin all vegetation zones of Changbai Mountain.
结果表明，除个别样品，在长白山垂直植被带的孢粉组合中乔木花粉占优势，其中以松属和桦木属最多，在各植被带均有分布。
In this paper, we determined the toxicity of transgenic Betula platyphylla with Bt spider peptide gene. Larvae of Lymantria dispar were feed on leaves of transgenic Betula platyphylla with Bt spider peptide gene, The mortality, reduced ratio of weight, ecdysis index and schedule time of every instar.
本文对转Bt C肽蜘蛛杀虫肽的白桦进行杀虫性测定，对取食对照和转基因植株舞毒蛾幼虫的死亡率、体重降低率、蜕皮指数、幼虫各龄级历期等指标进行了分析，证明外源基因已经成功插入白桦基因组中，并且能够表达杀虫蛋白。