In this dissertation, we propose two region-based segmentation algorithms and two edge-based segmentation algorithms for echocardiographic images. The first proposed algorithm of region-based segmentation scheme is fuzzy Hopfield neural network with fixed weight approach. This approach incorporated the global gray-level information and local gray-level information to construct a fuzzy Hopfield neural network. When the network converges to a stable state, the segmentation result will be obtained. A new approach using alpha-shape points is another proposed algorithm of region-based category. The region of interest corresponds to one of the clusters under a properly selected alpha. We identify the heart chamber in the ultrasound image by comparing the similarity between the alpha-connected components against the heart chamber obtained from the AQ image.
我们提出两种以区块为主的影像分割方法及两种以边缘为主的影像分割方法，其中所提出的第一个以区块为主的方法是乏析贺菲尔德类神经网路，在这个方法中使用了全体的和区域性的影像亮度资讯来建构这个类神经网路，当网路趋於稳定状态时，就可以获得影像分割的结果；另一个提出的以区块为主的方法是α形状技术的分割方法，选择了适当的α大小之后，每个区块会对应到其中的一个分群中，再藉由和AQ的比对，就可以知道哪个分群是我们所要的心脏了。
In the region upstream of vortex breakdown, the sectional streamlines emanating from the leading edge spiral inward to primary vortex and in the region downstream of the breakdown, on the other hand, the streamlines separating from the leading edge are not entrained into the vortex core in the instantaneous sense. Along the axis, the topology of the primary vortex alters several times starting from stable focus near the apex to unstable focus, and lasts back to stable focus near wake edge, the stable hmit cycle and unstable limit cycle are shown in this evolution.
发现在截面流线谱中，即使奇点的类型、数目及位置相同，奇点的连接方式也有可能不同；旋涡破裂点前，主涡由来自前缘的力线卷绕而成，主涡焦点与前缘半鞍点相连，旋涡破裂后，来自前缘的力线不再卷入主涡，主涡焦点与对称面上的鞍点相连：在流体由翼尖流向后缘的过程中，截面流线谱的拓扑结构发生了多次变化，主涡焦点相继由稳定状态转变为不稳定状态，最后又转化为稳定状态，并先后出现了稳定的极限环及不稳定极限环。
The instability originated in the upper R_B-like convection zone develops to larger region with the increase of Grashof number, and the number of non-axi-symmetric circulations decreases. When Grashof number exceeds another critical value, cooling air may invade the cavity and flow toward the shroud, the circulations decrease to one pair occupying the whole cavity in radial, thus these two zones are merged into one. The core structures in the cavity rotate against the disks, while the structures keep no change at the case of periodic oscillatory flow. With the Grashof number rises, the flow undergoes stable, periodic, periodic with cool air invading, quasi-periodic and ultimately to chaos.
离心浮升力是造成非等温轴向通流旋转盘腔内流动不稳定的主要因素，而哥氏力的存在加剧了流动不稳定性，导致流场失稳提前发生，而且在哥氏力的作用下流线发生偏转，盘腔内r-θ面出现了旋向相反的对涡，流动结构更加复杂化；随离心浮升力的继续增加，r-θ面的对涡减少，当其超过某一临界值后部分冷流体侵入盘腔，对涡减少至一对，而且沿径向充满整个盘腔；此后随离心浮升力的增加对涡的数量不再变化；r-θ面的对涡相对于盘面周向移动，但是形状基本保持不变。
An upper bound of the closed loop performance statistic given by the index of quadratic performance is found for all admissible parameter uncertainties. The poles of the closed loop systems is described by the Delta operator models in the specified stable region of the complex plane which makes the poles in the specified region when the sampling period is becoming shorter.
采用线性矩阵不等式处理方法及李亚普诺夫二次稳定性理论，分析、证明了极点约束控制的存在条件，并利用LMI方法把Delta算子系统的极点配置在一个稳定的区域内，解决了Delta域内的极点配置问题，使得期望的极点始终在这个稳定的区域内。
In some stable region, the procedure was found to converge fast.
由研究分析结果可知在某些稳定条件下的收敛速度较快。
The MFE is sufficiently stable and can be used to study electrochemical behaviors of DNA in the negative potential region.
1引言DNA的电化学行为具有重要的理论与实际意义。
Due to the improvement of transport facilities in Beijing Wangjing, 紫竹桥, Fangzhuang region such as the more obvious trend of rising increments; and Dongzhimen, Fuxingmen region of second-hand housing prices among the highest in the region first per square meter price reached 7286 yuan and 7156 yuan; the outskirts of second-hand housing prices stable, in the 2, 500 yuan per square meter to 3, 500 yuan between.
由于改善运输设施在北京望京，紫竹桥，方庄等地区更明显上升的趋势递增；和东直门，复兴门区域的二手房价格最高的地方之一，该地区的第一价格每平方米达到7286元和七千一百五十六元；郊区的二手房价格稳定在2500元每平方米之间，以三千五百元。
To obtain a complete picture about shock formation in non-viscous flow, in the succeeding chapter we investigate the isothermal shocks in adiabatic flows. We find that in this case the shock solution still exists, but the structure and the properties of the solution are greatly different from above even qualitatively. In some region of the parameter space there only exists unstable shock solution and in some region of the parameter space there may exist two stable shock solutions.
为得到完整的无粘流体中激波形成的图象，在接下来的第四章，我们研究绝热流体中等温作为激波条件时的情况，发现此时激波解仍存在，但解的结构和性质甚至在定性上都与前两章有了显著的不同：某些参数空间只存在非稳定的激波解，某些参数空间则会同时出现两个稳定的激波解。
An Zhu Longnan in Seoul and its descendants as a base, according to Meng Yuan of the political and military situation in the development and changes in the northwest and south-west battle battlefield, for the unity and stability of the Yuan Dynasty made a significant contribution, not only successfully set up the Marshal Housechuan shu region of the Southern Songgong qu to control the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, Sichuan Gansu Tibetan forces stop extending eastwards to strengthen and Hanzhong Longnan control region for political purposes, they will guarantee that the Longnan region is relatively stable.
安竺尔及其子孙以陇南为基地，按照蒙元整个政治军事形势的发展变化，征战在西北和西南战场上，为元朝的统一和稳定作出了重大贡献，不但圆满实现了设置这个元帅府攻取南宋川蜀地区以控制长江上游、阻止甘青川吐蕃势力向东扩展、加强对陇南和汉中地区的控制的政治目的，也保证了陇南地区的相对稳定。
In order to analyze the influence of signal clearance delay on the system stability, and to offer direction to control parameter modulation during experiment, the influence of delay of gas clearance on control parameters'stable region is analyzed.
为分析间隙信号延时对系统稳定性的影响，并为实验过程中控制参数的调整提供方向，计算了间隙信号延时对控制参数稳定区域的影响。
By comparison with the Arctic, where the North Pole could be swirling in ice-free seas in summer by 2040, the southern polar region seems a bit more stable—but that is no reason to be complacent, says Ted Scambos of the University of Colorado.
那可能还是不错的，因为如果南极大陆所锁住的水如果都流入海洋的话，全球海平面就会上升60米（185英尺），那么纽约联合国总部的三分之一都会淹没在水中。
Irkuk is divided between Kurds, Christians, Arabs and Turkmen. The latter two groups worry that the Kurds will make a grab for the city once the Americans are gone. The Kurds are feeling confident, having made a relatively stable enclave in the northern part of the country. They are renaming streets from Arabic to Kurdish and paying Kurdish families to return. On June 24th, the Kurdistan region formalised its constitution, which included a claim on Kirkuk.
urds也是十分自信，因为已经在伊拉克北部占据了相对稳定的优势，他们还在为街道重新命名，对那些回来的Kurds家庭给予补助，对离开的阿拉伯家庭也给予补助。6月24日，Kurd地区还将宪法正式化，包括对Kirkuk领土的占有。
We are pleased to note that amidst the tidal changes of the world, the Asia-Pacific region has been able to maintain a good momentum. Here the political situation is relatively stable, economy is inhigh gear, trade is brisk, investment is picking up speed, hi techpotential.
我们高兴地看到，在世界变化的大潮中，亚太地区形势继续保持了好的势头，政治相对稳定，经济高速发展，贸易增长很快，投资增势旺盛，高科技日新月异，区域合作潜力巨大。
Ferric arsenate is not thermodynamically stable in the neutral to high pH region (the rate of decomposition being related to particle size and solution composition, and being controlled by diffusion through both the reactants and the product layer).
含铁的砷酸盐在中性到高浓度的 pH 值范围内并不是热力稳定物(分解的速率与有关粒径和溶液成分有关，并且通过扩散反应物和产物两个层次来控制)。
There are other metal arsenates, such as those of Fe, Zn, Cu, and Pb, which are less soluble and more stable in the neutral pH region than calcium arsenates or ferric arsenate, but these have not been seriously considered as disposal forms.
还有其他金属砷酸盐，例如那些 Fe、Zn、Cu和 Pb，比起砷酸钙或者砷酸铁来，这些物质在中性的 pH 值范围内很少是可溶并且更稳定的，但是这些物质没被以处理的形式认真慎重地考虑过。
In the acidic area, the glasses are differently coloured, the tungsten ions W〓 and W〓 co-consist in glasses, most glasses in this area are mixed electro-ionic conductors and the electronic conduction may be due to the electron transsition between W〓-W〓 ions. In this area, both electronic conductivity and ionic conductivity of mixed glasses at room temperature can be as high as 10〓 degree of magnitude. In the basic area, the glasses are colourlessly transparent, the tungsten ions exsist in stable high valence as W〓 and the glasses are ionic conductors. In this area, the glass electrolytes with conductivity as high as 10〓 degree of magnitude can be obtained by extending the glass-forming region with adding small amount of SiO〓 content into the glass compositions and by substituting 〓 for a part of Li〓O content in glass compositions.
酸性区为有色玻璃区，W〓和W〓离子共存，大部分玻璃为离子—电子复合导体，电子电导可归于W〓—W〓离子间的电子跃迁，该区组成范围内可得到室温电子电导率和离子电导率都可达10〓〓〓cm〓数量级的复合导电玻璃；碱性区为无色玻璃区，钨离子处于稳定的高价态，玻璃为离子导体，通过加入少量SiO〓扩大玻璃形成区和在玻璃组分中加入〓的方法可制得室温电导率高达10〓〓〓cm〓数量级的玻璃电解质材料。
The rate of c-kit+ cells in the heart increased gradually from E10 with the highest level of 12.6±3.2% at E11, which was nearly similar to the fetal liver, except for E12 when the c-kit+ cells was 3.4±1.2% in the heart compared to the fetal liver with 11.6±4.1% c-kit+ cells. The rate of c-kit cells in the suspension cells from the heart at E11 maintained stable after 24h culture based in the stromal cells of the heart and AGM region with the same conceptus age, but the rate of c-kit cells obviously decreased in the condition of the stromal cells from the fetal liver. The c-kit cells of the three conditions were all at low level at 48h without significant difference.
通过流式检测c-kit+细胞我们发现，胚胎期心脏和胎肝c-kit+细胞比率几乎一致，E11时c-kit+细胞明显增多，分别高达(12.6±3.2)%和(9.6±2.8)%，但E12时心脏中c-kit+细胞明显减少，仅为(3.4±1.2)%，此时胎肝中c-kit+细胞为(11.6±4.1)%。E11的悬浮细胞与心脏内皮细胞和AGM区基质共培养24h时，c-kit+细胞数量保持稳定，但在胎肝基质细胞中c-kit+细胞数量明显减少，在共培养48h，三组中的c-kit+细胞均呈较低水平，组间没有显著性差异。
Tricholoma may be a paraphyletic genus two. The collections identified as T. caligatum is a mixture. Some parts of them from France are members of T. matsutake, the other parts from North America are closed to T. bakamatsutake and T. fulvocastaneum. Tricholoma robustum and T. focale form a clade which is obviously a sister group of the stirp Subannulate. The stirp Caligata was defined as a group mainly on the basis of the predominant veil. But from the result of molecular systematic analysis, the presence of veil is not a stable character in the matsutake group. Species having symbiosis with conifers and broad leaf tree are all transformed from those whose host specificity is not strict. The phylogenetic tree based on ITS sequences resembled the tree of NJ algorithm based on cladistic coding. In the phylogenetic tree based on morphylogical characters, T. zangii and T. bakamatsutake form a clade, but it is the result of convergent evolution as suggested by molecular analyses. The distribution area of the matsutake group can be divided into six regions: middle and northern Europe region, Mediterranean region, Hengduan Mount.— Southeastern Tibet region, Northeastern China—Japan—Far-east Russia region, the Atlantic—North America region and the Rocky Mountain region. The abundance center of the matsutake group are Hengduan Mount.—Southeastern Tibet region and the Rocky Mountain region. Hengduan Mount.
松口蘑群的分子系统学研究得出的结果有：由于粗壮口蘑和羽衣口蘑明显和亚环族(Tricholoma，section subannulate)的种类是来自同一个谱系，和其它松口蘑群的种不具有最近共同祖先，因此松口蘑群是一个多系群；松口蘑群和口蘑属其他种类的亲缘关系比和蜜环菌属更接近；梭柄松苞菇和松口蘑群的差距明显小于油黄口蘑(T.flavovirens)和棕灰口蘑；口蘑属是一个多系群；鉴定为欧洲口蘑的标本明显不是一个单系群，其中一部分是松口蘑，另一部分和黄褐口蘑及傻松口蘑(T.bakamatsutake)比较接近；划分松口蘑群的标准是菌环的存在，但从分子系统学的结果来看，菌环的存在与否并非是一个很稳定的性状；和针叶树专性共生及和阔叶树专性共生均由寄主专化性不强的种类转化而来；在形态学系统发育树上青冈口蘑和傻松口蘑被聚为一个分枝，分子系统学的研究结果表明，这是趋同进化的结果；用支序方法编码作出的NJ树的结果更接近ITS序列的结果。
Based on these results, we determine the general self-stable region for uncertain second order systems, and construct the continuous term of the control law. Simulation results are given in the final part of the paper.
基于这些理论结果，进一步给出了一般的2阶不确定系统控制的自稳定域以及相应的连续控制项的构造方法，并在文章最后给出了仿真计算的实例。
The rice productivity recovery and development, the rice markets emerges in rice production areas, were the most important environment of Wuhu Rice Market, they were the base of Wuhu Rice Market rising; Perfect market structure and stable rice transportation and sale region guaranteed the sustainable development of Wuhu Rice Market.
认为近代以来稻产区稻米生产能力的恢复和发展，产地米市的兴起，是芜湖米市最重要的市场环境，是芜湖米市崛起的基础；完善的米市结构，稳定的米粮运销区域，保证了芜湖米市的持续发展。