Therefore, inspired by the theories of complex system, a bottom-up mode model for complex Geo-Spatial system simulation, an extended cellular automata model with the name of GeoCA, is put forward. In the light of GeoCA conceptual model, a delicated urban dynamic model, GeoCAUrban is constructed, and corresponding computer software, GeoCA-Urban System is developed. Furthermore, the dynamic complex behaviors of hypothetical cities are explored through the GeoCA-Urban System. At last, a case study for the simulation and prediction of explosive urban growth of Ann Arbor, a city in Michigan U. S. A., is conducted.
论文成果：本文以复杂系统理论研究为背景，以地理空间系统为研究对象，以扩展的元胞自动机为建模方法，采用自下而上的研究思路，建立了研究空间复杂系统的GeoCA模型框架；在此基础上，以城市复杂系统为研究对象，构建了城市动态演化模型（GeoCA-Urban），并开发了相应的GeoCA-Urban软件系统，对虚拟城市的内部结构变化和空间扩展过程进行了广泛地试验研究，对城市动态发展的规律和特征进行了探索；最后，在GIS系统的支持下，作者应用GeoCA-Urban模型对美国Ann Arbor城市动态发展的过程进行了模拟和预测。
According to different spatial strikes of loess hidden cave, the disaster-causing effect of loess hidden cave on highway bridge is divided into two modes: toppling-failure mode and sliding-failure mode.
根据黄土暗穴空间走向的不同，将黄土边坡桥基下伏暗穴对桥梁的危害归纳为倾倒破坏模式和滑塌破坏模式。
All masses of interest can be simultaneously recorded with a multi-ion counting system operating in static mode, and the short ablation required to achieve such precision results in spatial resolution that is superior to comparable U-Pb zircon analyses by single collector ICP-MS.
对5个锆石标准和2个实际样品的测试表明，206Pb/238U年龄测定误差在1%（2σ）以内，定年结果在误差范围内与前人报道值完全一致，测试精度达到国际同类实验室先进水平。
The precision of measured Pb/U ratios in homogeneous zircon is about 2%(2σ), resulting in routinely achieved precision of U-Pb ages obtained by external calibration of～1%(2σ) or better. All masses of interest can be simultaneously recorded with a multi_ion counting system operating in static mode, and the short ablation required to achieve such precision results in spatial resolution that is superior to comparable U_Pb zircon analyses by single collector ICP-MS.
包含离子计数器的多接收系统使得不同质量数的同位素信号可以同时静态接收，并且不同质量数的峰基本上都是平坦的，进而可以获得高精度的数据，均匀锆石颗粒207Pb/206Pb、206Pb/238U、207Pb/235U比值的测试精度(2σ)均为2%左右，对锆石标准的定年精度和准确度在1%(2σ)左右；不同质量数同位素信号的同时静态接收使得剥蚀时间缩短，剥蚀深度变浅，相比LA-ICP-MS方法，提高了激光剥蚀的空间分辨率。
Using the spatial analysis module provided by the ArcGIS 9.2, the difference of space distributing between several kinds of key natural factors, such as occurrence in groundwater, physiognomy charater, agrotype, and their influencing mode, degree, range on land degradation were analyzed.
该区的土地退化十分严重，主要表现为土地盐碱化。吉林省西部地区土地退化的形成，是由其生态环境自身脆弱性决定的[5-6]，生态环境自身脆弱性是土地退化形成的内在因素，而构成这种特殊自然环境的自然因子如地下水、土壤、地貌、气候等则是造成该区环境脆弱性的控制性因子。
On the basis of on the analysis of current spherical spatial data structure, the clew of the spherical spatial basal subdivision mode which uses Snyder equal area projection on the truncated icosahedron DGG is discussed, and then global multi-resolution overlay is obtained by subdividing hierarchically on the initial projection plane according to the hexagonal grid.
在分析当前球面空间数据结构的基础上，讨论了利用Snyder等积投影在二十面体上建立球面空间基础剖分方式的思路，然后在初始投影面上采用六边形格网进行层次细分，获得多分辨率的全球铺盖。
Based on the analysis of mapping of spatial information and SVG tags, the paper designs the generation and rendering method of SVG based on pull mode.
在分析空间信息和SVG标记之间映射关系的基础上，设计了SVG表达的空间信息的生成方法以及利用拉模式的解析与渲染方法。
Experiments are carried out to give the transfer functions of each part in the ANC system, the spatial coherences of sound field and the Nyquist plots of the whole system. The results show that reverberant sound will also produce some unstable poles because of different time delays are needed in establishing normal mode response, but the gain margin is much greater than that for direct sound.
文章还从实验的角度，对ANC系统各个部分的传递函数、声场的空间相干性与系统的Nyquist图进行了分析，结果说明，混响声场的建立也需要一定的时间，所以混响声传播途径也将给系统带来一些不稳定的极点，但是它的增益裕量要比直达声途径大很多。
By using wave acoustics theory, the normal mode response properties of an enclosure with a feedback ANC secondary system in it are discussed. The importance in modal control of some typical spatial points on which all of the likely normal modes can be both excited and received is demonstrated.
文章依据波动声学理论，讨论了在一个闭空间中引入一种反馈结构的ANC次级系统后，混响声场的简正方式响应性质，说明了声场中某些既可以接收到、又能激发出所有方式的特征点在简正方式控制中的重要性。
The main functions, including data management, 3D modeling, visualization, spatial analysis and special application, are discussed respectively. 2. The preprocessing of FEM numerical analysis is analyzed. According to the flowchart of finite element analysis, the data, processing mode, modeling regulation and method are studied in detail.
根据有限元数值分析方法以及系统前处理的流程结构，对系统中的数据及其处理方式和有限元建模规则与方法进行了详细研究，并探讨了在地下工程中复杂计算模型的有限元网格生成模式。
GIS; primary spatial data; attribute data; creative mode; data base; quality control
GIS ；基础空间数据；属性数据；生产模式；数据库；质量控制
Studies on basic working principles and designs of fiber lasersThe basic working principles as well as the major characteristics of laser and fiber lasers are firstly reviewed, including the interaction between light and matter, the laser oscillation conditions and the spectrum distribution, the gain characteristic and spatial hole burning effect, the influence of external environment on the stability of laser output and the actual limits of fiber laser bandwidth; The designs of bidirectional single-mode Er-doped fiber ring laser and multi-wavelength laser is then discussed, respectively; The characteristics of dynamic grating reflection spectrum of the fiber saturable absorber is systematically analyzed.?
在激光型光纤传感器的设计、实验现象的理论解释等方面做了如下的研究工作：光纤激光器的基本原理与设计方案概述了激光和光纤激光器的基本原理，包括光与物质的相互作用，激光振荡的条件及频谱分布等激光产生的基本原理：掺铒光纤的增益性质，空间烧孔效应和外界扰动对激光输出稳定性的影响，光纤激光器的实际极限带宽等光纤激光器的相关知识；分别讨论了双向单纵模环形腔激光器和多波长激光器的设计方案；系统地分析了掺杂光纤饱和吸收体中形成的动态光栅的反射谱特性。
The main effect of cognitive style is significant, the transfer effect of learner with field-independence is better, while, the main effect of spatial ability is significant, the transfer effect of learner with high spatial ability is better. The interacted effect of representational mode of information and cognitive style is significant, the interacted effect of representational mode of information and spatial ability is significant and the interacted effect of representational mode of information, cognitive style and spatial ability is significant. On the condition of the representational modes of words, pictures + narrations and pictures + narrations + words, the learning effect of learner with high spatial ability and field-independence is better, on the condition of the representational mode of pictures + words, the learning effect of learner with high spatial ability and field-dependence is better, while on the condition of the representational mode of narrations, the learning effect of learner with low spatial ability and field-independence is better. However, in retention test of procedural knowledge, the situation is inconsistent with transfer test, the main effect of spatial ability is not significant.
认知风格的主效应显著，场独立型学习者的迁移效果更好，空间能力的主效应显著，高空间能力学习者的迁移效果更好，信息呈现方式与认知风格的交互作用显著，信息呈现方式与空间能力的交互作用显著，信息呈现方式、认知风格和空间能力的交互作用也显著，在文字、图+解说和图+解说+文字的呈现方式下，高空间能力和场独立型学习者的学习效果更好，在图+文字的呈现方式下，高空间能力和场依存型学习者的学习效果更好，在解说的呈现方式下，低空间能力和场独立型学习者的学习效果更好；然而在程序性知识的保持测验中，情况与迁移测验并不一致，空间能力的主效应不显著。
The main contents and results of the research in this dissertation are summarized as follows:(1)The application research of 46 kinds of the spatial-temporal statistical analyses The dissertation discusses the definitions, functions and applications of 46 kinds of spatial-temporal statistical analyses of the Web-MAGIS:the basic statistics, Buffer Analysis, Empirical Orthogonal Function, Empirical Mode Decomposition, Singular Value Decomposition, Powerful Spectrum, Fast Fourier Transformation, Cross-spectral Analysis, Harmonic Analysis, Spectral Entropy Analysis, Wavelet Analysis, Singular Spectrum Analysis, Trend Analysis, Cluster Analysis, Factor Analysis, Discriminant Analysis, Two-dimensional Fourier Analysis, Multivariate Regress Analysis, Canonical Correlation Analysis, Anti-distance Weighting Interpolation, Kriging Interpolation and so on.
论文的从要工做及所取得的研讨解果如上：(1)46类时空统计剖析的当用研讨阐述了Web-MAGIS外基本统计、缓冲区剖析、经验反交函数开解、经验模式、偶怪值开解、功率谱、Fast Fourier Transformation、交叉谱剖析、协调剖析、熵谱、大波剖析、偶怪谱剖析、趋背剖析、集类剖析、果女剖析、判别剖析、两维傅外叶剖析、长元归归、典型相闭剖析、反距合权沉拔值、克外金拔值等46类时空统计剖析的含义、功能、当用范围等。
Chapter 5: the crucial part of this paper. First, the basic thoughtfulness about the planning of waterfront landscape spatial system in Wuhan city and the planning mode are presented. Then practical measures and approaches for meliorating it in waterfront planning and construction of Wuhan city are introduced.
第5章：是本文最重要的部分，探讨了武汉市城市滨水景观空间系统规划的基本思路及规划模式，并就前文指出的武汉市滨水区开发及现状滨水景观格局中存在的问题提出了相应的对策及改善途径。
And it is disclosed spatial succession cycle model of urban land intensive use, spatial kinetic model of intensive use and concept mode of dynamic succession.
其中城市土地集约利用内涵的界定和三层面的完整划分具有创新价值，它为后面继续深入研究，后续理论构架，以及对城市土地集约利用潜力评价体系的科学建立拓展了研究思路、规范了研究方法，提供了科学的前提基础，保证了本论文研究体系的逻辑完整性、系统性和概念内容的一致性。
First, this paper introduces the main project and the system construction of publishing geographic spatial information over Web, puts forward the system construction mode in keeping with the system; The second, describes the data management the system emphatically, establishes the geographic data construction model, makes use of the database of Oracle to proceed the management to the amount of sea data, and introduces the technique problem about how to resolve the data accessing model, distributed object model and computing, the data flows, map manifestation and analyse in the system research process.
本文首先介绍了地理空间信息Web发布的主要方案和体系结构，提出了适合基于军事地理数据库的海量地理空间信息Web发布的体系结构模式；其次文章着重探讨了地理空间信息Web发布的数据组织与管理，建立了地理数据结构模型，利用Oracle数据库对海量数据进行管理；接着介绍了如何解决系统研究过程中的数据存取模型、分布式对象模型和分布式计算、数据流、地图显示和分析查询等技术问题。
The excited-atom density and spatial distribution were mapped by monitoring the absorption of a counterpropagating single-mode diode laser beam, tuned to the 5P3/27S1/2 transition which could be translated parallel to the pump beam. In the presence of radiation trapping, the spontaneous radiation rate multiplied by the transmission factor equals effective radiative rate. The transmission factor describes the average probability that photons emitted within the fluorescence detection region can pass through the optically thick vapor without being absorbed.
计算和测量了Rb-He混合蒸气中Rb(5P3/2)共振能级的有效辐射率，使用单模半导体激光器将Rb原子激发至5P3/2态，另一调谐到5P3/2 7S1/2的单模激光束与泵浦束反平行通过样品池，并在池的直径方向平行移动，通过对检测激光束的吸收测定了激发态原子密度及其空间分布。
2The research and development of the algorithms of 19 kinds of spatial-temporal statistical analysesThe dissertation discusses in detail the theories of 19 kinds of spatial-temporal statistical analyses of the Web-MAGIS:Buffer Analysis, Empirical Orthogonal Function, Empirical Mode Decomposition, Singular Spectrum Analysis, Trend Analysis, Factor Analysis, Multivariate Regress Analysis, Anti-distance Weighting Interpolation, Kriging Interpolation, Error Analysis and so on, and focuses on the algorithm, design and implementation of the Buffer Analysis Based On Line, Multivariate Regress Analysis, Empirical Orthogonal Function, Empirical Mode Decomposition, and Kriging Interpolation.
219类时空统计剖析的算法研讨取实现略粗阐述了Web-MAGIS外缓冲区剖析、经验反交函数开解、经验模式开解、偶怪谱剖析、趋背剖析、果女剖析、长元归归、反距合权沉拔值、克外金拔值、误好剖析等19类时空统计剖析的模型，并沉里阐述了基于线缓冲区剖析、经验反交函数开解、经验模式开解、克外金拔值的算法、设计取实现。
Panoramic video based on real world images is not the kind of virtual reality incommon sense, which provides a new mode for spatial -- temporal information organization.
全景视频的信息组织和实现方法钟力，胡晓峰（国防科技大学长沙4l0073）摘要全景视频不是一般意义的虚拟现实，它提供了一种新型的时空信息组织形式。