Many kinds of treatment are used for fluoride removal. Conventional methods including coagulant sedimentation, active alumina adsorption, bone char adsorption are not suitable for rural areas owing to operation and management. Membrane methods for defluoridation, such as electric infiltration and reverse osmosis, have the advantage of convenient application, simple operation and good adaptability.
用于饮用水除氟的水处理技术有多种，常规除氟技术的有混凝沉淀法、活性氧化铝吸附法、骨炭吸附法，常规除氟技术由于受技术操作、管理、运行等要求影响，不宜在农村使用，膜法除氟技术，如电渗析、反渗透等应用方便，操作简单，适宜性强。
In the final analysis, SBR process was adopted in this treatment plant design. This new kind of process has such advantages as follows:its constructions are very simple, save a secondary sedimentation tank and sludge digestion and backflow system. So the cost of its infrastructure is relatively lower than other treatment processes; Its effect of removing the TN and TP is very remarkable and the quality of its effluent is also very good; The requirement of automation in operation and management is high, so the overall cost of operation is relatively low. Its continuous effluent and intermittent outflow in the operation is very applicable to the medium-sized and small-sized sewage treatment plant.
根据处理水量以及进出水的水质状况，对多种污水处理工艺进行综合的经济技术分析，最终确定选用比较新型的SBR工艺，该工艺主要优点在于污水处理构筑物较少，省去了二次沉淀池和污泥消化回流系统，基建费用相对较低；脱氮除磷效果明显，处理出水水质优良；水厂的自动化运行管理水平要求高，综合运行成本较低；连续进水间歇排水的运行方式非常适用于中小型污水处理厂。
The experiment indicated that the size of the obtained nanometer MgO particle in optimal condition is small and distributed even, the cost of the sedimentation method is inexpensive and the operation is simple. On the condition of illumination, the TiO_2 modified functionality coating has a good photochemical catalysis performance, and the coating contains the one percent nanometer TiO_2 has a strong ability to degenerate the poison gas benzene of air. The nanometer MgO and the nanometer TiO_2 modified functionality coating have the certain antibacterial properties, and the antibacterial properties of the nanometer MgO surpassed that of the nanometer TiO_2. The coating of nanometer MgO content is 1%, which has the strong antibacterial properties. The coating of nanometer TiO_2 content is 2%, which has the ability to kill the E. coli under illumination.
实验表明，最佳工艺条件下所制得的纳米氧化镁粒径较小且分布均匀，且共沉淀法成本低廉，操作简单；制得含纳米TiO_2量为1％的改性功能涂料在光照下，降解空气中苯的能力较强；抑菌实验发现，纳米MgO与纳米TiO_2改性功能涂料均具有一定的抑菌效果，但纳米MgO抑菌效果明显优于纳米TiO_2，含量为1％的纳米MgO改性功能涂料在有无光照条件下均具有较强的抑菌性能，而含量为2％纳米TiO_2改性功能涂料，在光照下，表现出对大肠杆菌较好的杀灭能力。
For many years, people have looked for many methods to unite the calculation of the sedimentation and operation of reservoir, and they have to simple the computing mode of sediment for its complexities, which cannot really and fully reflect the sediment alluvial and its influence in the process of reservoir regulation.
多年来，人们为了将泥沙计算与水库调度更好地结合起来，寻找了各种方法，但由于泥沙计算的复杂性，不得不简化泥沙冲淤计算模式，导致计算结果不能真实或全面反映水库调度过程中泥沙淤积的变化过程及其对水库效益的影响。
The results of research showed that compound ferrous flocculant has simple preparation and not any second pollution matter is produced to the environment, it has big and stout floes formation and fast speed sedimentation while dealing with waste water, it is positively charged according to the electrophoresis, it belongs to cationic flocculant, can gives better coagulation results in turbidity removal, color removal, the maximum removal rate of turbidity and color are 95.4% and more than 81.7%, respectively. There are interactions between polysilicic acid and hydrolyzed ferrous species, the compound ferrous with appropriate Si/Fe not only but also can lower the water treatment cost. The compound ferrous removes colloid particles in water by charge oxidation-reduction, neutralization and furl mechanism.
研究结果表明：复合亚铁制备工艺简便，无二次污染；处理水样时产生的矾花大，密实、沉降速度快；复合亚铁带电性为正，为阳离子型絮凝剂；复合亚铁具有较好的除浊、脱色能力，除浊率及脱色率最高分别可达95.4％及81.7％；在复合亚铁中，聚硅酸与亚铁的水解产物间存在着相互作用，合适的硅铁摩尔比有利于提高混凝效果，而且还可以降低投药成本；复合亚铁是通过氧化还原、吸附电中和及卷扫三种作用机理起混凝作用的。
The basic formulas about particles distribution under outside force fields, such as Van't Hoff formula, Kelvin formula and sedimentation equilibrium formula of colloid have been proved by using Boltzmann distribution law. The moulds are clear and the method is simple and convenient.
应用玻尔兹曼分布定律证明了范特霍夫渗透压公式、开尔文公式、胶体粒子沉降平衡公式等与粒子在外力场中分布有关的基本公式，模型清晰，方法便捷。
In the horizontal sedimentation tank, the water powered and electrically driven siphon sludge discharge system was a simple and convenient system with less investment, safe and reliable operation. It was of significance in design and renovation of the current water treatment plant.
平流沉淀池水力&电器自动虹吸排泥系统是一种简便易行、节省投资、运行安全可靠的设计方案，对于现行净水厂的设计与改造具有指导意义。
The control system has been already applied to sedimentation model test of Three Gorges Project (at dam site) and many national key projects successfully. The interface of the system is simple, practical and perfect.
控制系统功能较完善，软件界面美观新颖，操作简单方便，具有很强的可视性和交互性，已先后成功地应用于三峡工程坝区泥沙模型试验和多项国家重点科技攻关项目，具有推广应用价值。
Conclusion: Comparing with the conventional decoction and alcohol sedimentation technique, the clarifying effect of ZTC1 + 1 - ⅱ clarificant has several advantages such as high yield of active ingredients, simple operation, and safety, which makes it applicable in processing the decoction of TCM.
结论：与传统水提醇沉法比较，ZTC1+1-Ⅱ澄清剂澄清工艺能保留水提液中大部分指标成分，且操作简单、安全。ZTC1+1-Ⅱ澄清剂作为絮凝澄清剂可用于精制中药水提液。
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) detection is a simple and non-specific testing method. But it has reference value in prompting whether the body has inflammation and active pathological changes. And it can also demonstrate and judge the development and prognosis of some diseases.
血沉（ESR）检测是一种简单的非特异性试验方法，但对机体有无炎症、有无活动性病变等有参考价值，能指示判断体内某些疾病的发展和预后。
Permeable pile dike is an important method for stream control in river restoration or construction, and is of some marked advantages including deep groundwork, large strength, simple construction, little emergency, easy maintenance, effective control on the flow trend and increasing the sedimentation.
透水桩坝是河道整治工程中的一种，由于其根基深，强度大，施工程序简便，具有少抢险，易护理，同时具有控导河势和在滩地缓流落淤等功效。