The reservoir rock types in the region of interest are grain limestone, algal limestone, cryptite, siltstone, muddy limestone and mudstone. The thesis identified as a result of changes in the deposition causing the heterogeneity in plane, and then the geological oil reserves have been calculated in accordance with the areal heterogeneity.3、Based on the data of core analysis, bore logging, array induction imaging log and FMI, porosity and permeability model were built using regression analysis. Through testing 45 rock samples, a, b, m, n value were obtained and used to calculate single-layer oil saturation value using the Archie formula. According to the theory of laterolog and inductolog, resistivity ratio and cross plot were used to identification effective thickness. Effective thickness was identified delicately in 103 wells. Based on the over work, active porosity and oil saturation was calculated accurately.4、According to observation of 100 pieces of the thin slices, cast thin slices and 383m core in three wells, the chief diagenesis in this area were compaction, cementation, denudation and cataclasis. Cementation and denudation were universally influenced active porosity this area. The intergranular pores, residual pores and secondary pores were formed in thin carbonated reservoir of lacustrine facies.5、The influence of reservoir heterogeneity to reservoir calculation was analyzed systematically using actual data. And the conclusions were as follows:①The principal reason leading to oil distribution unequal is interior structural feature of reservoir in structural hydrocarbon reservoir.
确定了由于沉积微相的变化而导致的平面非均质性，进而在平面上按照平面非均质单元计算了石油地质储量。3、利用岩心分析、常规测井曲线与阵列感应、成像测井资料相结合，分岩性利用回归分析方法建立了储层孔隙度、渗透率模型；通过对45块岩样进行岩电试验，获取了a、b、m、n值，利用阿尔奇公式计算了各单层含油饱和度值；根据侧向电阻率和感应电阻率串并联特性，利用电阻率比值法与常规交会图法相结合重建了有效厚度图版，对全区103口井目的层段进行了有效厚度精细划分，通过以上工作，准确求取了储量计算单元内有效厚度参数、有效孔隙度参数以及含油饱和度参数。4、通过对研究区3口井383m岩心观察，100余块薄片、铸体薄片镜下鉴定得出：油泉子油田上、下油砂山组储层主要成岩作用是压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用和破裂作用，其中溶蚀作用、胶结作用最普遍，这两种作用对有效孔隙度影响最大，以上成岩作用形成了原生粒间孔、粒间残余孔和次生孔隙(如粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔、铸模孔、晶间孔等)为主的薄层湖相碳酸盐岩储层。5、利用实际资料，系统分析了油藏非均质对储量计算的影响，认为：①对于构造油气藏而言，油气藏构造及断裂特征是造成油气分布不均的首要原因，储集条件相同的条件下，构造高部位有利于储存油气，油气在垂向的重力分异体现了油气藏内部构造的不均一特征。
Reservoir space of volcanic rocks:(1) three kinds of porosity based on geneses—— primary porosity, secondary porosity and fissure.(2) Six kinds of porosity based on textures——primary vesicle, amygdule, porosity from phynocryst solution, solution porosity within matrix, structural fissure and solution fissure.
火山岩储集空间：(1)按成因可划分为原生孔隙、次生孔隙和裂缝三种类型；(2)按结构可划分为原生气孔、杏仁体内孔、斑晶溶蚀孔、基质内溶孔、构造裂缝和溶蚀裂缝六种类型。
This paper corrected the calculation equation of soil porosity by means of the hydrous states of montmorillonite interlayer water, then the mathematic expression was set up to calculate the amount of secondary land subsidence resultant from montmorillonite interlayer dehydration. The model was applied to the Shitangwan land subsidence area, Wuxi City.
用蒙脱石层间水化状态修正了土壤孔隙率的计算方程，以此建立蒙脱石层间脱水作用所产生的次要地面沉降量的数学表达式，并对无锡石塘湾地面沉降区进行了模拟计算。
The following results were achieved:1 By generation-expulsion simulation experiment, the potentials of oil generation of the source rock samples were evaluated and the influence of secondary crack was also evaluated. The expulsion efficiency and fractional effects during expulsion were evaluated, too.2 Numerical models were established to simulate how terrestrial source rocks generate and expel out oil according to the characteristics of source rocks, such as maceral compositions, HI values, porosity, specific surface areas and the different generation behavior at every stage. The research also evaluated how the parameters of Qv and nano-porosity affect expulsion efficiency and fractionation.3 The total carbon isotopic fractionation effect during generation-expulsion process of different terrestrial source rocks was evaluated. It is also evaluated that to what extent the primary crack of different kerogens and secondary crack of hydrocarbons can affect the carbon isotopic fractionation during the generation-expulsion process. It is demonstrated that there are different fractionation effects in different source rocks. The distribution pattern of the carbon isotopic compositions of the individual n-alkanes shows almost no change during this process. All of these should be considered in oil-source correlations.4 The result of the primary migration simulation suggests that there are different carbon isotopic fractionation effects in the primary migration of different source rocks. Diffusion capacities of hydrocarbons in different source rocks are very different, which should be responsible for the carbon isotopic fractionation.
取得的成果主要包括以下几个方面：1 通过生排烃热模拟实验，完成了对以煤为主的陆相烃源岩的生液态烃烃能力以及生气能力的评价，评估了二次裂解的影响，同时完成了对各烃源岩排烃效率和化学组分分馏的评估； 2 根据煤的显微组分组成、TOC、HI指数、煤的孔隙度、比表面积等参数，以及在不同热演化阶段的生烃特征，使用GCR模型进行了数值模拟；对影响排烃效率和化学组分分馏的溶胀度和大—中孔孔隙度、纳米孔隙度的影响大小及作用机理进行了研究； 3 评估了各烃源岩生排烃过程中的碳同位素分馏效应，以及初次裂解、二次裂解等影响碳同位素分馏的因素及其影响的大小；证明了不同烃源岩在生排烃过程中存在不同的碳同位素分馏行为；同时也证明了生排烃过程不影响正构烷烃单体碳同位素组成曲线的形状； 4 通过初次运移模拟实验证明了烃类在不同类型烃源岩中发生初次运移能够产生不同程度的物理碳同位素分馏效应；烃类分子在不同类型烃源岩中的扩散度差别很大，可能是造成同位素分馏的主要原因。
The accumulation effect of TSR is as follows:① TSR could generate secondary porosity in deep reservoir because it is a shrinking process; ② The resultant of TSR is corrosive to reservoir and could accelerate secondary pore formation; ③ The heavy hydrocarbon is firstly consumed during the TSR process, so the dryness coefficient of natural gas increases, the carbon isotopic compositions of hydrocarbon gas become enriched in 13C, and the sulfur isotopic fractionation is also happened.
指出TSR反应的成藏效应在于：①TSR反应本身是个储层矿物体积减小的过程，有利于深部储层产生次生孔隙；②TSR反应生成的流体对储层具有一定的溶蚀作用，可促进次生孔隙的生成：③TSR反应优先消耗重烃，使天然气藏干燥系数增加，烃类碳同位素变重，同时引起了硫同位素分馏。
The results show that the depth of the same diagenesis stage in the different sub-structures becomes shallow from southwest to northeast and that there are three secondary porosity zones in Liangjia, Wanchang and Botai district, two secondary porosity zones in Gudian slope, but not clear in Xin'anpu sub depression.
结果表明：从南往北相应的成岩阶段深度变浅，梁家构造带、万昌构造带和波太凹陷存在3个次生孔隙带，孤店斜坡带均存在2个次生孔隙带，新安堡凹陷不明显；次生孔隙的形成受有机酸、不整合界面处的地表水淋滤及深部碱性作用控制；不同构造带不同微相内压实和胶结作用对储层的影响程度明显不同。
Studied core description、coring in drilling、conventional and imaging logging data, the paper sumarized the type of the reservoir of Budart reservoir into fracture-caved reservoir(consisting of low angle fracture、high angle fracture and cave) and porous-type reservoir. And summarized response in well logging data of different type. Aiming at the complication of lithothology and pore structure of Budart Group reservoir, based on adoption of special well logging(imaging logging etc.) and advanced processing and interpretational method, aiming at different logging series and different pore types, adopted porosity spectrum analyzing and imaging processing and interpretation method, the paper has studied logging interpretation method, realized quantitatively describing of fracture orientation、density、width and open extent and quantitatively compute of matrix porosity、secondary porosity and effective porosity of double porors reservoir. Using aggregate probability index method, combining conventional and imaging logging data tightly, confirmed comprehensive evaluation parameter of fracture in index of fracture developing index, effectively guided the evaluation of complicated fractured reservoir, provided effective technology auspice for the production of studied district.
本文通过对岩心描述、钻井取心、常规和成像测井等资料的系统研究，将储集层按储集类型归纳为缝洞型(包括低角度裂缝、高角度裂缝和孔洞)和孔隙型，并总结了不同储集类型的测井曲线特征规律；针对布达特群储层岩性和孔隙结构复杂特点，在采用成像等特殊测井技术和先进的处理解释手段基础上，针对不同测井系列不同孔隙类型采用孔隙度频谱分析和成像处理解释手段，研究出了相应的测井解释方法，实现了裂缝方向、密度、宽度、张开度等参数的定量描述和双孔介质储层基质孔隙度、次生孔隙度和有效孔隙度的定量计算；并应用综合概率指数法，将常规测井资料和成像测井资料紧密结合，确定了以裂缝发育指数为指标的裂缝综合评价参数，有效地指导复杂裂缝油田储层评价，为研究区块生产提供了较好的技术支持。
Occurrence of RE hydride was identified in the Al-Si alloy containing RE andenrichment of hydrogen in polynary RE intermetallic compound was determined by means ofEPMA, secondary ion mass spectrography, Hg-free vacuum drivepipe hydrogen-meter to-gether with metallography and porosity measurement.
采用电子探针、二次离子质谱、无汞真空套管测氢仪等检测手段，并配合金相分析及试样孔隙度的测定，鉴定出含稀土的Al-Si合金中有稀土氢化物的存在，确认在多元稀土金属间化合物中氢的富集，提出稀土具有较强固氢作用的观点。
Vibrocompaction of sands has been numerically simulated by secondary exploitation using the PFC2D code (Particle Flow Code in 2Dimensions). Non-reflecting boundary of the model was defined using the Fishtank and FISH language in PFC2D besides the definition and calibration of meso-mechanical parameters of sands and vibrating probe, which were simulated by different clumps. Effects of frequency and vibrating direction of the probe on macro-meso behavior of sands were discussed. The change of porosity was analysized in the process of vibrocompaction as well as the rearrangement of sands by comparing with the laboratory test data.
通过引进和开发二维颗粒流程序，采用PFC2D内置的Fishtank函数库和FISH语言，定义了模拟砂粒和振冲棒的颗粒块，建立了模拟砂土地基振冲加固过程的细观颗粒流模型以及相应的边界条件，探讨了振动频率和振冲方向等对加固效果的影响，对振冲密实前后砂样的孔隙率、颗粒排列等细观组构特征进行了研究，并与室内细观模型试验进行了对比。
The results show that the additions of active NR powder and nano-fiber mineral can improve the particle grade of the system and the microstructure of secondary interface in the cement-based materials can increase uniformity, reduce porosity and optimize pore structure of the system.
结果表明，加入活性NR粉纳米纤维矿物可改善体系的颗粒级配和水泥基材料中二级界面的显微结构，提高均匀性，降低孔隙率，优化体系的孔结构。
Dissolution gave secondary porosity and increased porosity, and it occurred mainly in feldspathic grains and carbonate cementation.
溶解作用产生次生孔隙，增大孔隙，并主要发生在长石颗粒和碳酸盐胶结物中；
The diagenetic environment results in different water-rock reaction and development of secondary porosity.
成岩环境在一定程度上影响了水岩反应及次生孔隙发育。
Fracturing has resulted in an increase in sandstone porosity and permeability and enhanced the development of secondary pores.
破裂作用可以提高砂岩的储渗能力，同时也有利于砂岩中溶蚀孔隙的形成。
The distribution of the dark shale rocks, whi - ch are in the third and fourth sections of Quantou group and the second section of Denglouku group control the formation of the secondary porosity developed zones;
提出泉头组三、四段和登娄库组二段的暗色泥岩的分布，控制了次生孔隙发育带的分布；
Solution, devitrification as well as forming and recrystallization of secondary mineral can increase primary porosity as a whole;
溶蚀、脱玻化、次生矿物的生成和重结晶等成岩作用的总效应导致孔隙增加；
It is demonstrated that the formation of secondary porosity is mainly due to the action between the carbonate solvent, and the cement and the eutectic minerals in the sandstone during the process of organic evolution.
本文阐述了有机质演化作用过程中所形成的碳酸溶剂与砂岩中胶结物和易溶矿物的反应是形成次生孔隙的主要原因。
Whether acetic and oxalic acids can promote secondary porosity development depends on the pH and buffer system of fluids in the basin.
草酸和醋酸能否促进储层次生孔隙的发育取决于盆地流体的酸度及组成流体的缓冲体系。
Secondary porosity is the pores which formed of particulate、host or cementing matter affected by solution or dissolution during diagenetic process.
次生孔隙是指岩石在成岩过程中由于颗粒、基质或胶结物受到溶解、溶蚀作用而形成的孔隙。
Based on this, an interpretation model of secondary porosity index for the reservoir is established.
地层密度测井与声波测井虽然同为孔隙度测井系列，但是它们响应的是不同的孔隙结构，由此可以得到储层次生孔隙度指数测井解释模型。
The major factors controlling development of secondary porosity included dissolution of acidic components, tectonic activity and matching of them.
分析认为碳酸盐等组分的溶蚀、构造运动以及这两者之间的匹配是次生孔隙形成的主导因素。