The amount of hydroxyproine in the cell wall from eight kinds of vegetables were determined in the present paper. The result showed that the amount of hydroxyproine in the cell wall from skin of soja, legume, pollen, carrot root, cole, celery, green grocery and onion was 6.02μg/mg, 3.30μg/mg, 1.74μg/mg, 1.53μg/mg, 0.64μg/mg, 0.52μg/mg, 0.42μg/mg and 0.31μg/mg, respectively.
首先测定8种蔬菜细胞壁中的羟脯氨酸含量，研究结果表明：豆皮、豆荚、花粉、胡萝卜根、油菜叶柄、芹菜叶柄、青菜和洋葱细胞壁中羟脯氨酸的含量分别为6.02μg/mg、3.30μg/mg、1.74μg/mg、1.53μg/mg、0.64μg/mg、0.52μg/mg、0.42μg/mg和0.31μg/mg。
Stamens (10-)15 to many, free from or connate to petals; filaments usually dilated at base; anthers 2-celled, with 2 pollen sacs per cell; connective appendages aristate, filiform or stout.
雄蕊(10-)15到多数，离生或与花瓣合生；通常的花丝膨大的在基部；花药2室，每室有2花粉囊；药隔附属物芒状，丝状或者粗。
The organic combination of the ＂Technique of Mutation Breeding by Irradiation on Mature Pollen of Rice, cell engineering, sexual hybridization, and the unique grain-quality-screening, resulted in the establishment of a novel, highly efficient way for breeding of new variety in rice.
将独创的《水稻成熟花粉辐照诱变育种技术》、细胞工程技术、有性杂交、独特的米质筛选等技术进行有机结合，创建了一条高效的水稻新品种育种新途径。
The actin cytoskeleton microfilament system performs essential functions in the morphogenesis, especially in the plant cell such as pollen tube, root hair, leaf hair, guard cell.
肌动蛋白微丝骨架对植物高度特异化的细胞如花粉管、根毛、叶毛和气孔保卫细胞的形态发生和功能起着重要作用。
This test showed: the developing process of female and male gametophytes is identical with the former resolution. While what we found as follows:1 Although stamen and pistil formed at the same time, the pollen grain and embryosac could be filled with a great quantity of starch and would be mature for fertilization under the condition of female and male gametophyte forming insimultaneously, 2megaspore mother cell, megaspore, female gametophyte formed respectively more lately than microspore mother cell, microspore and male gametophyte by 0.5～0.6, 0.7～0.8 and 0.5～0.6 unfolding leaves; 3 for the male the mircropore formed fast while the pellon grains developed slowly and for the female the megaspore grew slowly while the embryo developed fast.
本试验结果表明，雌雄配子体形成过程和程序与前人结论相一致，但发现：1尽管雌雄蕊同时形成，但在雌雄配子形成不同步的情况下，花粉和胚囊中的大量淀粉却能同时充实，并且同时成熟等待受精。2大孢子母细胞形成比小孢子母细胞迟0.7～0.8片展叶；雌配子体形成比雄配子体迟0.5～0.6片展叶。3雌雄两性细胞发育特点不同，雄性是小孢子形成快而花粉粒发育慢，雌性是大孢子形成慢而胚囊发育快，为此在所用时间上，花粉粒发育约是小孢子形成的1.6倍，是胚囊发育的2.3倍，而大孢子形成约是胚囊发育的2.2倍，约是小孢子形成的1.4倍。
Creation by the union of sperm or pollen with an animal or plant or egg cell.
花粉和植物或精子与卵子相结合的行为或过程。
The sensitive phase of fertility alteration of D18 and D23 occurred from the second branch differentiation phase to pollen mother cell formation.
4水稻光温敏核不育系D18和D23的育性转换的敏感期是第二次枝梗分化期到花粉母细胞形成期。
In pollen, from the model plant mouse-ear cress, a reduction in TUDOR-SN leads to fragmentation of DNA and premature cell death.
现在，一国际研究团队发现，植物和动物中决定细胞程序性死亡的遗传学过程实际上是进化相关的，并且用相同的方式执行功能。
More calcium precipitates were located in the epidermis, endothecium and tapetum of the sterile anther than in those of the fertile anther. Longitudinal inner cell wall of the sterile anther became thicker than that of the fertile anther at the dyad stage and uninucleate pollen stage.
到四分体与单细胞花粉时期，不育花药的木质部细胞的次生加厚壁上有较多的Ca2+沉淀，连接组织中的Ca2+沉淀也大大增加，所有不育花粉外壁较厚而发育都不正常。
Development of 2-celled pollen is accompanied by changes in the generative cell wall, which showed no plasmodesmata.
二细胞花粉发育主要表现在生殖细胞壁的变化上，生殖细胞壁上不具有胞间连丝。
In seed plants it is the generative cell in the pollen grain, which divides in the pollen tube to produce two sperm cells.
在种子植物中，它是在花粉粒中的生殖细胞，可以在花粉管内分裂形成两个精子。
Generative cell One of the haploid cells in the POLLEN TUBE of seed platns.
生殖细胞：是位于种子植物花粉管中的一个单倍体细胞。
Results showed that the pollen abortion of female flowers occurred at the meiosis stage of microspore caused by the unnormal tetrads with uncomplete formation of cell plate.
该文以美国肥皂荚雌雄株上不同发育时期花蕾或花为试材，从实体解剖和组织细胞学角度对其性别分化过程进行了比较系统的研究。
Purpuraristatus, the growth, fertility, chromosome configuration, EST isozyme etc. were analyzed in this paper. The results showed that the growth potentiality of (E. sibiricus×E. purpuraristatus) F2 and (E. purpuraristatus×E. sibiricus) F1 were much stronger than their parents, the plant height of the former was 143.2 cm. The whole plant was reseda, the latter was 129.7 cm. The spike nodding of two hybrids were in the middle of their parents, the anther was yellow; the pollen fertility was 0.02%~0.03%, seed set was 0; the average chromosome configuration of former pollen mother cell at PMC M Ⅰ was 6.90Ⅰ+14.02Ⅱ, the latter was 7.82Ⅰ+13.59 Ⅱ, and lagging chromosome and bridge fragment were observed at meiosis anaphase Ⅰ the EST of the two hybrids F1 and their parents at tillering stage was some certain different in locus, number and intensity.
结果表明，正交F1和反交F1植株的生长势均很强，正交F1株高143.2 cm、全株浅绿色，反交F1株高129.7 cm、全株灰绿色；正、反交F1的穗型均呈双亲中间型，花药呈黄色，花粉可育率0.02%~0.03%，结实率为0，说明杂种高度不育；正交F1的花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ平均染色体构型为6.90Ⅰ+14.02Ⅱ，反交F1为7.82Ⅰ+13.59Ⅱ，减数分裂后期丁有落后染色体和染色体桥等不规则现象；亲本及其正、反交杂种F1分某期幼叶的EST同工酶酶带的位点、数目和强弱均存在一定差异，可作为亲本及杂种在蛋白质水平识别的重要依据。
This cracked-cell technology takes only 10 seconds in the manufacturing process, so that the nutritional ingredients of bee pollen can be completely retained without the loss, with its higher-breakage rate of over 98%, far exceeding the broken pollen sold on the market, and achieving seven technical patent certifications in six countries in the world
康达生命使用SGS认证的高新技术标准厂房，并采用世界级专利的破壁技术来提取蜂花粉中的精华，此破壁技术原本应用於红藻的藻萤光蛋白质提取，红藻其细胞壁之硬度远超过蜂花粉，后来延用在蜂花粉的精华提炼，此破壁技术在制程上仅需10秒钟，所以能将蜂花粉的营养成分完全保留而不流失，其破壁率更高达98%以上，远超过市面上所贩售的破壁花粉，并取得世界六国七项的技术专利认证
This project, applying enzyme engineering principle and adopting the cellulose-centered multienzyme system, according to bee pollen cell characteristic, set a course for cellular wall enzyme to decompose and make cellular wall dissolved.
该项目是应用酶工程原理，采用以纤维素酶为主体的多酶体系，根据蜂花粉细胞特征，设定细胞壁酶解催化过程，使细胞壁溶解破裂，整个酶解条件温和，可最大程度释放花粉中活性蛋白和其它营养成分。
This project, applying enzyme engineering principle and adopting the cellulose-centered multienzyme system, according to bee pollen cell characteristic, set a course for cellular wall enzyme to decompose and make cellular wall dissolved. The whole dissolution is gentle. It also can release the active albumen and nutrition ingredient in pollen in the maximum extent.
该项目是应用酶工程原理，采用以纤维素酶为主体的多酶体系，根据蜂花粉细胞特征，设定细胞壁酶解催化过程，使细胞壁溶解破裂，整个酶解条件温和，可最大程度释放花粉中活性蛋白和其它营养成分。
Based on principle of pollen abortion, utilizing tapetum of anther cell, mitochondria of tapetum, callose well, process of cell meiosis during formation process of pollen, we adopt genetic transformation to create plant male sterility, such as, exogenous cytotoxin gene, chaperones, anti-sense RNA, degradation of callose ahead of time, disturbing information intercommunion between mitochondria and nucleolus and affected development of pollen sporule by bacteria.
根据花粉败育的原理，利用花药细胞绒毡层、绒毡层线粒体、胼胝质壁、细胞减数分裂过程等花粉形成过程中的不同环节，采取外源细胞毒素基因、分子伴侣、反义RNA技术、提早降解胼胝质、扰乱线粒体与细胞核之间的信息交流和细菌影响花粉小孢子发育等策略，使花粉不能正常形成，从而产生不育花粉，达到产生雄性不育的目的。
The appearance of DNA ladder from the ovules in which pollen chamber formation was undergoing, together with TUNEL assay and ultrastructural changes, demonstrated that the nucellar cell death, doomed to bring about pollen chamber, was a process of programmed cell death.
在贮粉室的形态发生过程中，相关珠心细胞的DNA电泳出现DNA ladder、其细胞核被TUNEL反应所标记以及它们的超微结构变化都说明，参与贮粉室形成的珠心细胞的死亡是一种细胞程序性死亡（programmed cell death，PCD）。
The development of anther and ovule followed the finish of the flower organ initiation. Pollen mother cells and well developed microsporagium wall occurred when the diameter of the bud reached about 3.0 mm, and the archesporial cell which played the role of megaspore mother cell formed in ovule when the diameter of the bud reached about 3.5 mm.
花药及胚珠的发育与花器官的形态发生之间有明显的连续性，当花蕾直径为3.0 mm左右时花粉母细胞及完整的花粉囊壁形成，直径达到3.5 mm左右时胚珠中出现孢原细胞的分化，它直接起大孢子母细胞的功能。