It is alsodifficult to build reliable relationship between test results and actual bearing capacityof single pile by indirect methods such as Dynamic Method, Standard PenetrationTest and Osterberg Method because of differences between load bearing mechanismsin reality and ones of those methods.
动测法、标准贯入度法、Osterberg测桩法等间接方法由于与单桩实际受力机理的差异，很难在试验成果与单桩实际承载力指标间建立可靠的联系。
Self-balanced loading test is a static load test method, in which load cell is embedded in the pile exerts load. Double load cell technique refers to meeting different designing needs.
摘要］自平衡试桩法是通过埋置于桩身中的荷载箱施加荷载的一种新型静载试验方法。
A mechanics model is presented for the static and dynamic analysis of ship-platform collision system, and the static equivalent intensity analysis is applied to the damaged X diagonal brace member of platform structure. In the course of dynamic elastic-plastic analysis of offshore platforms, the added mass coefficients for the seawater dynamic effect and the structure-pile-soil mutual interaction are considered in the analysis of computational model. The nonlinear springs are introduced for the simulation of the force-deflection relationship of the local indentation for the damaged X diagonal brace. The curve of indentation deformation of the damaged member and different collision contact time is simulated under the velocity of ship being assumed. According to the curve, the formula of indentation deformation of the damaged member and different collision contact time is obtained to determine the maximum impact load.
根据导管架结构受大型船舶撞击后的损伤检测结果，对碰撞过程进行了数值反演计算分析，对构件模型从简单到复杂的思路提出了船舶碰撞海洋平台导管架结构的撞击作用；同时也对船舶撞击平台结构进行了动力响应分析，采用非线性弹簧来模拟受损构件的局部凹陷损伤，考虑了结构—桩—土的相互作用，运用瞬态动力学方法来分析船舶以不同的速度撞击导管架结构的动力响应，确定了船舶对平台结构碰撞的最大动力撞击作用。
The negative friction problem of single pile under the action of the surface circular load is studied by Biots consolidation theory and integral equation method.
利用Biot固结理论和积分方程方法研究了桩在表面圆形载荷作用下的负摩擦问题。
The pile foundation is one of the ideal foundations which is used widely in cities currently. With the huge bearing capacity, it can resist the complex loads, minish the settlement of the foundation and the superstructure, as well as stand against the additional stress and deformation caused by the traffic movable load and circulating load.
桩基础是目前城市中广泛使用的理想基础形式，它有着巨大的承载潜力，能抵抗复杂荷载，减小基础的沉降和上部结构的不均匀沉降，同时能够抵抗在长期的车辆动载和循环荷载作用下所产生的附加应力和变形。
Biot`s consoildation; finite layer; nonlinear elastic; dynamic effect stress; Generlized load transfer function; pile foundation; pit foundation; settlement prediction; Possion curve; field measurements
比奥固结；有限层；非线性弹性；动态有效应力原理；广义荷载传递函数；桩基工程；基坑工程；沉降预测；泊松曲线；现场测试
The behavior of pile under lateral load is a very complex process of pile-soil interaction.
桩在水平荷载作用下的受力性状是一个复杂的桩土相互作用过程。
This paper elaborates a new theoretical problem on the behavior of piles under load, namely, the influence of soil strength underneath a pile on pile shaft resistance.
就桩基承载性状的一个新的理论问题———桩端土强度对桩侧阻力的影响，进行了系统的引证和阐述。
The characteristics of negative skin friction with working load on pile top were analyzed.
分析了在桩顶荷载作用下的负摩阻力特性。
The error of the high strain term of taking dynamic load, and the work Time of the load is too short, making the pile soil produces signigcant Accleration, and the soild body parameter can not gain by trail, and not Only be estimated by experience.
而高应变的误差主要来源于采用的是动荷载，荷载作用时间短，使桩土产生显著的加速度，而且在拟合分析过程中其土体参数如J。
The influences of the web reinforcement ratio of pile cap, strength of concrete, axial load ratio and reinforcement ratio in the core of piles on seismic behavior of the joint are discussed.
桩帽的配箍率、混凝土强度等级、轴压比以及桩芯配筋率等参数对节点抗震性能的影响进行讨论。
In most cases, the pile cap's thickness must be adjusted according to both the load condition and the pile arrangement.
在实际设计时，承台绝对刚性的要求是根据荷载大小、作用位置等因素的不同，通过调整承台厚度来实现的。
The method which is used to measure and compute moment, yield and turning angle by steel bar gauge is introduced in detail. According to the measuring results, the horizontal critical load of the testing pile is 120 kN. The steel bar gauge measuring results show that the largest moment is located in the depth from 2 m to 3 m under the horizontal load, it transfers to the deeper location with the increase of the horizontal load, and the bend distortion only occurs in the upper of 1/3 pile length.
结合实际工程详细地介绍了利用钢筋计测试水平荷载作用下桩身弯矩、挠度和转角分布的方法，根据桩顶位移和钢筋内力测试结果判定试验桩的水平临界荷载为120 kN；根据钢筋计测试结果可知，在水平荷载作用下，桩身最大弯矩截面位于在地面以下2～3 m处，且随着荷载的增大最大弯矩截面逐渐向深部转移；发生弯曲变形的部分主要是桩长1/3以上的桩体，而其下的桩体几乎不发生变形。
Accord-ing to engineering example, the load condition of pulling resistance pile design, pile capacity design of floatage resistance pile, pile body texture design of floatage resistance pile, monolithic stability of grouped piles foundation, floatage resistance per unit area, c...
依据工程实例对抗拔桩设计荷载条件、抗浮桩单桩承载力设计、抗浮桩桩身结构设计、群桩地基整体稳定性、单位面积抗浮力、抗拔桩抗裂分别进行了阐述，以及抗拔桩设计中应考虑的问题进行了论述。
Based on load transmission mechanism of space truss for pile caps, the simulation of compression strut s of pile caps was tested.
基于桩基承台的空间桁架传力机理，进行了承台斜压杆应力场的模拟试验。
Based on the results of statical load test of pile and the plate loading test of deep layer, the paper has analysed the tip resistace of an artificial digging hole pile taking gravel sand layer as bearing bed and discussed potentialities of its ground and then the eigenvalue of pile tip resistance is put forward.
根据桩静载荷试验、深层平板载荷试验结果，对以砂卵石层为桩端持力层的人工挖孔桩桩端阻力进行了分析，并探讨了其地基潜力，同时提出了桩端阻力特征值的取
Therefore, it is necessary to study the load transferring mechanism and the design method of pile group foundations.
因此，有必要对群桩基础厚承台的传力机理及设计方法进行研究。
The study on the seismic response of cement mixed pile foundation with earthquakes load is of great theoretical and practical importance in seismic design of engineering.
水泥土搅拌桩复合地基在地震荷载作用下的动力特性研究是岩土工程实践中一个十分重要且具有现实意义的问题。
The system can be used to synchronously measure 4 signals, I. e., the force and displacement at the pile toe as well as the force and acceleration at the head of pile when the pile is subjected to an axial impact load.
该系统可以同时获得模型桩在轴向冲击力作用下，桩端力和位移、桩顶力和加速度4组信号。
Build scene method to basically have: 1, dig a lake to pile mountain, model landform, decorate billabong of river river lake, monarch diameter builds a road, create landscape situation; 2, build building, stage, booth, cabinet, hall, house, a small room, a pavilion or house on a terrace, corridor, bridge, boat, a screen wall facing the gate of a house, wall the building facilities such as door of path of wall, stair, Deng, scene, create building situation; 3, fold big pool of rockery, strange peak, hole, Wei Ya with block build by laying bricks or stones, create rockery situation; 4, decorate valley, mountain stream, riprap, onflow, create mountain stream situation; 5, bluff of megalith of load one's writing with fancy phrases, come down in torrents of pilot a ship into a harbour and below, create chute situation; 6, set shallow water small pool by landform, build stone hill fountain, put in a suitable place to breed view and admire fish, lotus of cultivated carry on one's shoulder, Lu Di, flowers and plants, build Shui Shijing; 7, with different combination, decorate community to line and season photograph change or highlight the stance of isolated tree in order to reflect Lin Ji, or clip is arboreous, those who make have all sorts of pattern, create situation of flowers and trees.
造景方法主要有：1，挖湖堆山，塑造地形，布置江河湖沼，辟径筑路，造山水景；2，构筑楼。台。亭。阁。堂。馆。轩。榭。廊。桥。舫。照壁。墙垣。梯级。磴道。景门等建筑设施，造建筑景；3，用石块砌叠假山。奇峰。洞壑。危崖，造假山景；4，布置山谷。溪涧。乱石。湍流，造溪涧景；5，堆砌巨石断崖，引水倾泻而下，造瀑布景；6，按地形设浅水小池，筑石山喷泉，放养观赏鱼类，栽植荷莲。