An improved INS aided GPS carrier tracking algorithm is presented and an integrated algorithm based on the pseudorange and pseudorange rate is introduced. The simulated result proves that in the tightlycoupled integration strategy, the use of INSaided tracking loops allows the INS to account for local receiver dynamics, thereby permitting the GPS receiver to narrow the bandwidth of its phase tracking loops; the use of the integration method based on pseudorange and pseudorange rate allows the integration navigation system correcting the errors of INS even when the received satellites of GPS are less than four, and improves the precision of the navigation system.
仿真结果表明：在紧耦合GPS/INS组合导航系统中，惯导对GPS跟踪环路的辅助，可以保证接收机环路滤波器在窄带宽下仍能正常工作；基于伪距/伪距率的GPS/INS信息融合方法，使组合导航系统在GPS接收机接收的卫星少于4颗的时候仍能有效地利用GPS导航信息，同时利用组合滤波器的输出对INS系统的误差进行修正，提高了整个组合导航系统的导航精度。
The possible application of multi-phase modulation technology in optical fiber communication based on Carrier-Suppressed Return-to-Zero format was studied.
研究了一种基于CSRZ的多级相位调制技术在光纤通信系统中的应用。
In order to avoid such problems as symbol sliding, phase shift of pseudorandom noise code and carrier phase offset, an improved method of frequency offset estimation is proposed.
为避免采样频率偏差给卫星导航接收机带来的符号位滑动、伪随机噪声码相位移动和载波相位偏差等问题，提出了一种改进的频率偏差估计方法。
SPWM modulation used in the carrier wave, compared with the rules of sampling ideas, through the static coordinate system directly calculated for each reference voltage corresponding to the three-phase vector modulation wave function, which has been in a phase voltage of each PWM cycle accounting air ratio.
详细说明：出一种新的SVPWM 算法。采用SPWM 中调制波与载波相比较的规则采样思路，通过在静止坐标系下直接计算每个参考电压矢量所对应的三相调制波的函数值，进而得到每相电压在一个PWM 周期中的占空比。
In this paper, the general band-pass cyclic spectral representations of the continuous phase modulation are derived and analyzed in detail based on the analytical expression of the corresponding base-band cyclic spectra; as well, the relation between cyclic frequency and carrier frequency, code width, peak frequency deviation is obtained with the different modulation indexes.
该文根据连续相位调制信号在不同调制指数下的基带循环谱，推导了其相应带通循环谱的表达式，并对这些表达式的详细分析，得出了不同调制指数情况下循环频率与载频、码元宽度和峰值频偏之间的关系式。
The Constant Modulus Algorithm antenna arrays in the GSM systems are analyzed, CMA arrays can overcome the CCI from the intercells and partially overcome the ISI. The CMA is nonsensitive with the phase shift. The CMA criteria having real part and imaginary part can decreased the reliance of the sequentially temporal equalizer and carrier tracking measures
最后本文研究了CMA阵列天线在GSM移动通信系统中应用的可能性，CMA阵列可以有效地克服共道干扰CCI，部分克服码间干扰ISI，这样一种对相位不敏感的盲算法必须进行后处理，考虑复数的实部和虚部的CMA准则能够减少对后序处理的依赖程度。
GPS carrier-phase relative position has been an important method in the landslip monitoring because of its high precision.
GPS载波相位相对定位所具有的高精度，使它逐渐成为滑坡监测中极其重要的监测手段。
As a result, firstly they have more sols with the content of 69～85% and lower gel crosslinking density with the swelling degree of 2700～5200%; secondly they own many hydroxyl groups in the chains which promote the formation of strong hydrogen bonding; thirdly they display micro-phase separation structure originating from crystal and non-crystal regions; fourthly by controlling the molar ratio of monomers, adjustable mechanical properties(tensile strength of 0.1～0.7MPa, elastic modulus of 0.05～0.7MPa, elongation at break of 12～115%), good hydrophilicity(water contact angle of 45～57°) and low water-uptake(3～8%) can be gained; fifthly after 7.5 day degradation, their mass loss can reach above 30%, and the rate of degradation is influenced by the sol content, crosslinking density, branching degree of sols, hydrogen bonding between gels and sols etc.; finally they are desired to be used as drug delivery carrier, hemostasis agent, bone wax, scaffold material, anti-adhesion film after operation etc.
研究发现，该弹性体溶胶含量在69～85％之间，交联密度较小(凝胶质量溶胀度在2700～5200％之间)；材料结构中含有大量的羟基，分子链段间存在较强的氢键作用；材料具有结晶区域和非晶区域共存的微相分离结构；通过单体摩尔配比的控制，材料具有可调的力学性能(拉伸强度0.1～0.7MPa、弹性模量0.05～0.7 MPa、伸长率12～115％)、较好的亲水性能(水接触角45～57°)和较低的吸水率(3～8％)；材料经过7.5天的降解，其失重可达到30％以上，材料的降解速率受材料的溶胶含量、交联密度的大小、溶胶的支化程度、以及溶胶和凝胶间氢键作用强弱的影响；该材料以期用作药物缓释载体、止血剂、骨蜡、组织工程支架和外科手术防粘连膜等方面。
As a result, firstly they have more sols with the content of 61～63% and lower gel crosslinking density with the swelling degree of 2000～2600%; secondly they own many hydroxyl groups in the chains which promote the formation of strong hydrogen bonding; thirdly they display micro-phase separation structure originating from crystal and non-crystal regions; fourthly by controlling the molecular weight of prepolymers, adjustable mechanical properties(tensile strength of 0.4～0.7MPa, elastic modulus of 0.3～0.7MPa, elongation at break of 100～260%), good hydrophilicity(water contact angle of 34～44°) and low water-uptake(1～9%) can be gained; fifthly, after 28 day degradation, their mass loss can reach above 30%, and the rate of degradation is influenced by the sol content and molecular weight, crosslinking density, hydrophilicity and water-uptake, hydrogen bonding between gels and sols etc.; finally they are desired to be used as drug delivery carrier, hemostasis agent, bone wax, scaffold material, anti-adhesion film after operation etc.
研究发现，该弹性体溶胶含量在61～63％之间，交联密度仍较小(凝胶质量溶胀度在2000～2600％之间)；材料结构中含有大量的羟基，分子链段间存在强的氢键作用；材料具有结晶区域和非晶区域共存的微相分离结构；通过预聚体分子量的控制，材料具有可调的力学性能(拉伸强度0.4～0.7MPa、弹性模量0.3～0.7MPa、伸长率100～260％)、较好的亲水性能(水接触角34～44°)和较低的吸水率(1～9％)；材料经过28天的降解，其失重可达到30％以上；材料的降解速率受到材料的溶胶含量及分子量大小、交联密度的大小、亲水性和吸水率，以及溶胶与凝胶间氢键作用强弱的影响；该材料以期用作药物缓释、止血材料、骨腊、组织工程支架和外科手术防粘连膜等方面。
Based on the technique of the general PWM, the output harmonic feature of the multi-modular converters with these two modulation strategies is researched and analyzed through simulation and experiment and draws a conclusion, which proves excellent performance on harmonic feature of multilevel converter output waveform under Carriers-based pulse width modulation and carrier phase-shifted pulse width modulation, so these two modulation strategies are more adapt to engineer application.
本文借鉴传统PWM技术基本原理的基础上，对载波层叠PWM和载波相移PWM技术原理进行了分析，研究了输出波形的频谱特性，并进行了仿真验证，从中得到了一些结论，从而证明了多电平变流器采用上述两种调制技术显示出的优良的谐波特性，进而证明载波层叠PWM和载波相移PWM有着良好的应用前景。
This paper deals with the extraction of black elemental gold powder from a soltion of Au3+ with hydrochloric acid medium by emulsion liquid membranes, in which tributyl phosphate is used as the'carrier'and the hydrazinium sulfate as the reducing reagent in inner aqueous phase.
以磷酸三丁酯为流动载体，硫酸肼为内水相还原反萃剂，采用乳状液膜法从含金的盐酸溶液中直接生产黑色粉末单质金，同时对影响金迁移率和内水相还原率的各种因素进行了研究。
Novel phase shift and carrier techniques for measurement of in-place displacement field are proposed.
报道了一种新颖的用于平面内位移测量的相移和载波技术。
Some classical applications and research progress are introduced, such as, selective amplification, frequency multiplication, up-conversion and signal generation in the terms of the gain spectrum as well as the carrier suppression and phase shift from the loss spectral point of view.
从受激布里渊散射增益谱的角度对微波光子信号的选择放大、倍频、上变频和信号产生以及从损耗谱的角度对信号载波抑制和信号相移等典型应用和研究进展进行了介绍。
In this paper Ⅰ successfully applied these methods to fault diagnosis, and presenting some new innovative machinery fault diagnosis method; First Ⅰ present a new gear wornout fault diagnosis method, this method use the vibration signal's time-frequency attribute and instantaneous phase undulation to accurately detect gear's fault, and by comparing with the traditional frequency domain analysis method, this method reveals that many nonlinear and nonstationary characteristic exist in gear's vibration, this tell us that if we use frequency domain analysis method without pay attention to the signal's characteristic, we could get wrong diagnostic result; Then Ⅰ present a new bearing fault diagnosis method, this method use ATVFD and Hilbert transform to do envelop demodulation, Ⅰ analyze the envelop with time-frequency method and find out that this method is more accurate then traditional method.Ⅰ also explain that the modulation of the fault to the carrier wave may also be non-stationary and nonlinear; Finally Ⅰ present a cylinder pressure measurement method of diesel engine by means of vibration, cylinder pressure is an important parameter of diesel engine fault diagnosis, the pressure measuring is simplified a lot by this method, Ⅰ also use the ATVFD and time-frequency analysis to realize it.
本文中将上述理论方法成功地应用到故障诊断中去，提出了几点创新性的诊断方法；提出了一种齿轮磨损故障诊断的新方法，该方法利用振动信号能量的时频域分布特征与瞬时相位波动特征可以进行精确的齿轮故障诊断，并通过与传统的频域诊断方法的比较，揭示出齿轮振动中存在的明显的非线性与非平稳特征，说明了不加选择地利用频域分析方法进行齿轮故障诊断很可能会得到错误的诊断结果；提出了一种轴承故障诊断的新方法，该方法利用ATVFD分解与Hilbert变换进行包络解调，并对解调得到的包络信号进行时频域分析，可以实现更加准确轴承故障诊断，说明了故障对载波信号的调制往往也是非平稳与非线性的；提出了一种利用振动信号进行柴油机汽缸内压力检测的新方法，柴油机汽缸压力的变化是柴油机故障诊断的重要参数，利用振动方法可大大简化汽缸压力的检测过程，该方法也是综合利用ATVFD分解与时频域分析方法实现的。
Then the initial frequency of VCO in Phase-Lock Loop is preset and the initial frequency difference of PLL is small, so that the fast tracking of carrier phase can be realized.
3伪码相关峰出现确认后，从分区存贮的采样数据中快速提取多普勒频移信息，并预置锁相环路VCO的起始振荡频率，从而减小锁相环路的起始频差，实现载波相位的快速精跟。
The receiver can effectively eliminate distortion caused by phase offset of the carrier using quadrature subchannel information for intersect data dispreading.
通过同相、正交支路进行交叉混合数据解扩，能有效消除载波相位偏移对系统性能的影响。
With the rapid development of the carrier phase differencing technique and digital signal processing hardware, it is possible to implement real-time processing of GPS based attitude determination system.
随着载波相位差分技术和数字信号处理硬件的快速发展，GPS姿态测量的实时处理成为可能。
Selecting reference GPS satellite in attitude determination and double differencing of carrier phase measurements are implemented based on a attitude determination test with GPS, and the foundation for the further attitude determination is formed.
为使 GPS数据处理软件通用化，同时验证所用算法的可行性，GPS数据需要首先转换为 RINEX标准格式，然后再设计与编制所需软件。
In the conditions of 0.8 mol/L HNO3, phase ratio 1:1, the solution of 101Tc sample was extracted twice with α-benzoin oxime/ethyl acetate phase to remove 101Mo and a radiochemically pure and carrier-free 101Tc product was obtained.
在微型中子源反应堆中辐照75mg仲钼酸铵20min，冷却12min，然后用α-安息香肟－乙酸乙酯在水相介质为0.8mol/LHNO3、相比1：1条件下，连续萃取2次分离出了无载体、放化纯的101Tc样品。
Adsorption of IgG are highly non-specific IgG can be directly adsorbed to the solid phase carrier, and sometimes can also be adsorbed to the surface coating antigen.
IgG的吸附性很强，非特异IgG可直接吸附到固相载体上，有时也可吸附到包被抗原的表面。