The characters related to the environment are thickness of lamina, area of blade, specific leaf weight, thickness of cuticle and outer epidermis cell wall, thickness of palisade and spongy tissue, and contents of N and P.
与生育地有极为显著之相关的特徵包含：叶片厚度，叶片面积，叶片比重，角质层与表皮细胞壁的厚度，栅状组织厚度，海绵组织厚度，氮与磷元素的含量。
F. bidentis leaf was of isobilateral type, and had thicker epidermis cell wall and cuticle, obvious cryptopores, and highly developed palisade tissue, with typical C4-plant Kranz anatomy. The collenchymas and vascular tissue in stem and the aerenchyma in root were well developed. Secretory structure was found in all vegetative organs. According to the analyses of soil physical and chemical properties and relevant ecological factors, F.
结果表明：黄顶菊叶片表皮具较厚的角质层、下陷气孔，叶片为等面叶、全栅型，叶肉细胞环绕维管束鞘细胞紧密排列，是典型C4植物的Kranz花环结构；茎中厚角组织和维管组织发达，根中还存在通气组织；根、茎、叶中均存在分泌结构。
The palisade is from one to two layers thick, the spongy mesophyll usually cosists of four layers of cell.
在下表面气孔完全暴露，多数是开放的，而上表面的气孔多数是关闭的。
The palisade tissue cells of common type were 2 layers, while those of spur-type and columnar type were 3 or 4 layers. The ratio of palisade tissue and spongy tissue of common type was less than 1, and that of spur type and columnar type was more than 1. Moreover, the number of palisade tissue cell layers and the ratio of P/S were increased with the dwarfing degrees.
普通型苹果的叶片栅栏组织细胞一般排列成2层，其栅栏组织与海绵组织的厚度比值小于l；而柱型和短枝型的栅栏组织细胞通常排列成3层或4层，其栅栏组织与海绵组织的比值大于1，而且，随着矮化程度的加强，栅栏组织细胞层数和栅/海比有增加趋势。
Three kinds of plants show the improvement of assimilation ability by increasing number palisade cell layers and arraying more tightly under the saline-alkali habitat.
在盐碱生境中叶片栅栏组织层数增加且变的更加紧密，表现为同化能力的提高。
The histological structure of the tumor was regular and the size of the cells was similar. The array of basal cells was palisade. The polar of the cell was almost without changes.
瘤组织结构整齐，细胞大小一致，基底细胞的排列呈栅栏状，细胞的极向几乎没有变化。
The results of observation on the microstructure of Karelinia caspica, Tamarix stromongolica, Salsola collina. Cheno Dodium glaucum, stipa bangenana show that the nutritional organs of these halophytes present some adaptability structures as follows:(1) sunken stomas, thick cuticle and orderly arrangement of epidermal cell; (2) equilateral leaves with developed palisade tissue, or squama-shaped leaf; (3) well-developed water-storing tissue in stems and leaves; (4) crystal cells, salt glands in most of the leaves and assimilating branches.
通过对花花柴、甘蒙怪柳、猪毛菜、灰绿藜、长芒草五种盐生植物显微结构观察，这五种盐生植物营养器官的形态结构均呈现一定的适应性特征：(1)气孔器下陷，角质层加厚，表皮细胞排列紧密而整齐；(2)多为等面叶，叶片栅栏组织发达，或退化为鳞片状，而具同化枝；(3)茎、叶多为肉质化，贮水组织发达；(4)具有含晶细胞，枝叶具盐腺。
At the same time, content of chloroplast in palisade and spongy parenchyma decreases obviously, and their intercellular spaces are increased because of lengthen of adaxial and abaxial epidermis cell.
与此同时，栅栏组织细胞和海绵组织细胞中叶绿体的含量明显减少，并且由于上表皮层细胞的延长而增大了细胞间隙。
Cell divisions began in the mesophyll cells at the cut ends, in the palisade cells near the vascular bundles and in the vascular parenchyma.
在叶切口处的叶肉细胞，维管束上方的栅栏组织细胞以及维管薄壁细胞开始分裂。
With increasing elevation, the leaf area, leaf thickness, palisade mesophyll thickness, spongy mesophyll thickness, stomatal area, epidermis cell area and pubescence density were increased, while cutin membrane thickness, epidermis cell density, pubescence length, and stomatal density were decreased.
mm-2.随海拔升高叶面积、叶厚度、栅栏组织和海绵组织的厚度、气孔器面积、表皮细胞面积以及表皮毛密度呈增加趋势，而角质膜厚度、表皮细胞密度和表皮毛长度则呈减小趋势；
Visible, Ca2 + participated in the UV-B radiation signal transduction in the series process during the Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. leaf palisade tissue cells, and even participate in the induction of palisade tissue signal transduction process of programmed cell death.
可见，Ca2+参与了U-V-B辐射期间乌拉尔甘草叶片栅栏组织细胞中信号传导的过程，也可能参与了诱导栅栏组织细胞程序性死亡的信号传导过程。
There is similar palisade parenchyma under the epidemic cell, which is saline-alkali stress structure, which is adapt to the saline-alkali environment.
在表皮细胞下面出现了拟栅栏组织，增加了光合作用的能力，这代表了植物颉颃盐碱的演化结构。
When the phosphate level was over 337.50kg/ha, the thickness of leaf blades with fixed length and palisade tissue and the cell density of palisade tissue ere decreased and the area of intercellular spaces was increased with increasing application of phosphate fertilizers.
磷用量超过337.50kg／hm2，增施磷肥定长叶的叶厚、栅栏组织厚度及栅栏组织细胞密度降低，胞间隙面积（%）增加。
Tea leaves of different maturity palisade mesophyll cells were the long column. The spongy tissue of young Leaves arrangement regularity, cell gap was small, mature leaf mesophyll cells in spongy tissue arranged in a more relaxed, and large cell gap.
不同成熟度茶树叶片的栅栏组织叶肉细胞均为长柱状，嫩叶的海绵组织叶肉细胞排列较紧密，细胞间隙小成熟叶的海绵组织叶肉细胞排列较松弛，且细胞间隙较大。
The thickness and cell layers of palisade tissue were consistent with the thickness of leaf.
栅栏组织的厚度和层数与叶片的厚度趋势一致。
The wider palisade tissue cell was, the better the growth and development of larvae was.
栅栏组织细胞宽度越大，对幼虫生长发育越有利；
Some of characters, such as lamina thickness and width, the number of upper epidermis cell, stomata index, the lower epidermis thickness, palisade tissue thickness and sponge tissue thickness, are more variational.
两者叶片的厚度和宽度、上表皮细胞个数、气孔指数、下表皮厚度、栅栏细胞厚度、海绵组织厚度之间差异显著；
In addition, the palisade cell of three kinds of plants picking in Baicheng are closer than Changchun, a bit thicker, these are favorable for plant to adapt to the saline-alkali environment of Baicheng;
另外采自白城的三种植物的栅栏组织要比长春的排列更紧密，更厚些，这些对植物适应白城的盐碱环境是有利的；
In cell elongation stage, palisade tissue, sponge tissue and the leaf all thickened following the rising of stalk position, and both bottom leaf and top leaf had the relatively well developed palisade tissues.
细胞伸长生长阶段，叶厚、栅栏厚度和海绵厚度随着叶位的升高逐渐增加，且下部叶与上部叶栅栏组织发达。