And the velocity lag occurs if the approach of integral compensation is adopted to eliminate the steady-state error.
第三章，研究了以变转速液压电梯为代表的大惯量变转速容积调速液压系统的启动控制方法。
This paper investigated the relationship of bilateral exchange rate and bilateral trade balance by the use of Error Correction Model and the Geometric Distributed Lag Model according to the different character of China's 14 main trade partner's samples, and analyzed the short-run and long-run influences of bilateral exchange rate on bilateral trade balance and the differences of these influences.
本文根据中国的14个主要贸易伙伴样本性质的不同，分别选用误差修正模型和几何分布滞后模型，检验了人民币双边汇率与双边贸易收支的关系，并计算分析了双边汇率对双边贸易收支的短期影响和长期影响及双边汇率对不同贸易伙伴的影响差别。
This paper describes the principle of measuring needle valve seating time in electromagnetic injector, then presents the constitution and measuring procedure of a measuring system for needle valve seating time lag in electromagnetic injector and analyses the measuring error in the system.
阐述了电磁式喷油器针阀落座时刻的检测原理，介绍了一种电磁式喷油器针阀落座滞后时间测量系统的组成和测量过程，并对系统的测量误差进行了分析。
7 Earthquake-resistant properties: Fortification intensity 8 degrees (three times sine resonance frequency, 5% attenuation) 0.25 g acceleration level of earthquake Vertical acceleration of 0.15 g Safety factor 1.67 Grounding System 4.8 Neutral effective earthing system 4.9 flashover relatively Creepage distance and distance Model LB6-35 (W2, W3) Flashover distance mm ≥ 450 Creepage distance mm ≥ 1050; 12155 technical requirements 5.1 rating and performance requirements 5.1.1 rated voltage: 35 kV; 5.1.2 rated insulation level: 40.5/95/185 kV; 5.1.3 rated frequency: 50 Hz; 5.1.4 rated current ratio, accurate scales and the corresponding nominal output and dynamic, thermal stability current table 5.1.5 level measurement instrumentation security coefficient FS: 5 or 10; 5.2 error limits 5.2.1 level measurement error limits In the secondary load for the rated load between 25 to 100 percent of any values (COS Φ= 0.8 lag), which rated the frequency and phase current error should not exceed Table 1 and Table 2 in the limit.
4.6 最大风速：35m/s。4.7 抗地震性能：设防烈度 8度(正弦共振3次周波，5%衰减)地震水平加速度 0.25 g 垂直加速度 0.15 g 安全系数 1.67 4.8 系统接地方式中性点有效接地系统 4.9 相对地闪络距离及爬电距离型号 LB6-35(W2、W3)闪络距离 mm ≥450 爬电距离 mm ≥1050；1215 5 技术要求 5.1 额定值和性能要求 5.1.1 额定电压：35 kV； 5.1.2 额定绝缘水平：40.5/95/185kV； 5.1.3 额定频率：50Hz； 5.1.4 额定电流比、准确级及相应的额定输出和动、热稳定电流见表 5.1.5 测量级仪表保安系数FS：5或10； 5.2 误差限值 5.2.1 测量级误差限值在二次负荷为额定负荷的25～100%之间任一数值时(COSΦ=0.8滞后)，其额定频率下的电流误差和相位差不应超过表1、表2所列限值。
D. Lag Error: In most cases, the lag error can be ignored completely, because silicon has a higher degree of mechanical stiffness.
d。滞后误差：在大多数情形中，滞后误差完全可以忽略不计，因为硅片具有很高的机械刚度。
The following error is reduced by compensating the lag error through drawing into differential feedforward term, and the acceleration/deceleration dynamic error is reduced by drawing into acceleration integral function.
在减小跟随误差上引入微分前馈项，以补偿滞后误差；加入加速度积分功能减小了加减速动态误差。
Aimed at the specialty of the airconditioning system: great inertia, great lag, and the defect of the usual PID control, introduced using the error backward characteristic of BP neural network, discussed the temperature and humidity adaptive control based on BP neural network.
针对空调系统大惯性、大滞后的特点和常规PID控制所存在的不足，介绍了利用BP神经网络误差反传机制，探讨建立在BP神经网络基础上对温湿度的自适应控制。
Therefore, the results show that the error of amplitude factor δ and the phase lag φ calculated by the use of the formula are 2 ~(1/2) times less than that calculated originally.
结果表明：用导出的公式计算出振幅因子δ和相位滞后φ的误差比原来计算的误差小2～（1/2）倍。
In accordance with low resonance frequency in a multi-frame gyroscope-stabilized platform and spikes appeared in tracking error curve when swing platform is changing it swing directions, a velocity-stabilized loop with serial square lag and lead correction network and nonlinear acceleration compensation measure is designed.
针对多框架陀螺稳定平台中谐振频率较低和摇摆台摇摆换向时跟踪误差曲线上出现尖峰问题，提出了一种串联平方滞后超前校正环节和非线性加速度补偿措施，设计了平台速度稳定环。
The vibration frequency of box gird is usually calculated by the elementary beam theory, but it will lead to a large error because of the existence of shear lag effect and shear deformation.
由于剪力滞效应及剪切变形的存在，箱梁的弯曲振动频率按照初等梁理论计算往往存在较大的误差。
Static error mostly includes shafting error, coder error, time-lag error by TV sensor, measure distortion by optics structure and atmosphere refraction error etc.
静态误差主要有轴系误差、编码器误差、电视传感器本身存在的时间滞后误差、光学结构中可测量的失真以及大气折射误差等；
Considering the dynamic load changing of links and nodes in the network, and routing is determined by the latest information, there will be lag error if we use ant algorithm directly to route path.
考虑利用网络中链路和节点的负载动态变化特性作为选路依据，若直接利用经典蚁群算法实现路由过程会出现信息滞后，因此需要对算法进行改进。
The closed-loop bandwidth of the system reaches 10 Hz which assures the error of amplitude less than ± 10% and the lag of phase less than 10 °.
系统的性能指标达到幅值误差在±10%以内、相位滞后小于10°时，闭环频宽为10Hz。
This paper discusses the measurement error and estimated error that are caused by the time-lag of receiving information with conveying information and disturbing noise in the process of conveying information in communication system and telemetering and telecontrolling data processing system.
针对通讯系统和遥测遥控数据处理系统在信息传送过程中，接收信息较发送信息在时间上的滞后和干扰噪声引起的测量误差及估计误差进行了研究分析。
This paper analyzes quantitatively the effect of lag correction on steady-state error of a system by using the method of mathematical derivation, and discusses the effect of lag correction on step response of the system by using digital simulation.
本文用数学推导的方法，将滞后校正对系统稳态误差的影响作了定量分析；并且运用数字仿真，把滞后校正对系统阶跃响应的影响进行了一些探讨，得出了有关的几点结论。
The critical design for the control system of ship-borne electro-optical equipment is how to isolate external disturbance and reduce the dynamic lag error.
在舰船摇摆条件下提高光电跟踪系统对目标动态跟踪精度，其控制系统设计的关键技术是隔离扰动和减小高速跟踪时的动态滞后误差。
Increase of cutting ability or slowing down of cutting speed can reduce the kind of lag error.
增加切割能力或减缓切割速度即可减少这种滞后误差。
On Thermal Hysteresis of the Thermometer Screen and Its Lag Error in Temperature Measurement
百叶箱的热惯性及其测温的滞后误差
Extended Kalman Filtering (EKF) was derived from minimizing variance of state estimation error. Not considering its rate of change, EKF method has large inertia for nonlinear time-varing systems and resulted in estimation lag.
扩展卡尔曼滤波（EKF）是从极小化状态估计误差的方差得到的，没有考虑状态误差的变化率，因而对非线性时变系统EKF估计方法惯性作用较大，从而产生估计滞后。
In our study, maximum likelihood (ML) techniques have been utilized to estimate both a spatial error model and a spatial lag model.
在我们的研究中，最大概似法（ML）技术被运用估计一个空间错误模型和一个空间滞后模型。