In order to control the combustion and gasification of coal in an effective way, it is quite important to understand the moving velocity of the burning flame working plane and the limits of burned out area.
煤炭地下气化是将地下的煤炭进行有控制的燃烧，为了使煤的燃烧和气化得到有效的控制，了解燃烧的火焰工作面的移动速度以及燃空区的范围是致关重要的。
Shear wave velocity is a parameter that geophysicists always want to obtain and is essential in AVO forward modelling. But at present there is no effective method to calculate shear velocity.
横波速度一直是地球物理学家非常希望得到的，也是AVO正演模拟必不可少的参数，而目前缺少具有理论基础的计算横波速度的方法。
A modified model on velocity and density for live oils was presented to account for the errors resulted from existing model Second, the effects of effective pressure and lithology on Biots coefficient and rock elastic moduli were investigated.
第二，研究和分析了有效压力和岩性对Biot系数、岩石模量的影响，修正了Biot系数模型——Biot系数与归一化孔隙度是幂指数关系，指数为2/3。
The method has fast calculating efficiency by FFT, stabile algorithm and can handle variable velocity in landscape orientation by PSPI, so it provides a new effective tool for convenient simulating complex 3-D underground geologic body.
该方法可以采用相位移加插值方法处理一定的横向变速情况，可以更加灵活方便地模拟地下复杂的三维地质体。
The method has fast calculating efficiency by FFT, stabile algorithm and can handle variable velocity in landscape orientation by PSPI, so it provides a new effective tool for conveniently simulating complex 3D underground geologic body.
该方法采用傅立叶变换进行计算不仅计算迅速，算法稳定，而且可以采用相位移加插值方法处理一定的横向变速的情况，为更加灵活方便地模拟地下复杂的三维地质体提供了一种有效的工具。
Afterwards, we propose a new constant coefficients measurement method in dynamic equation of robot manipulators, this measurement method includes three groups of experiments: group one, let each joint of robot manipulator keep static to measure the constant coefficients in gravity term of dynamic equation and Coulomb frictional torque, group two: let only one joint of robot manipulator move at a constant velocity to measure the viscous frictional coefficient and constant coefficients in effective inertia of dynamic equation, group three: let only one joint of robot manipulator move at constant acceleration at a time to measure constant coefficients in Coriolis and centrifugal term and coupling inertia of dynamic equation.
让操作器单个关节恒速运动，在对驱动系统中传动机构，减速装置和电感系数综合考虑的基础上，这组实验对粘滞摩擦系数及有效惯量中常数系数进行测量。这种测量方法只要求旋转关节的驱动电机施加恒定电压，回转关节驱动电机施加正弦波电压。3。让操作器单个关节恒加速运动，这组实验测量动力学方程中哥氏力、离心力项和耦合惯量项中的常数系数，这种测量方法只要求单个关节匀加速运动，而其它各关节保持静止，这种测量方法虽然要求关节匀加速运动，但不必进行关节角加速度检测，而只需进行关节角位移和角速度检测即可，输入量直接给定为输入电压。
Based on the tests of angular velocity, the turning angle and the accuracy of solar orientation, this auto-tracking system was proved effective.
通过对追踪装置水平转动速度，俯仰调节角度和太阳光线检测等方面的测试，表明该系统可以实现自动追踪，运动灵活，调节准确。
Different efflux velocity corresponds to different effective frequency range. Only in this range, the jetflow could divide into uniform droplets. While disturbance frequency is out of range, droplets would combine. Average value and amplitude of efflux have great influence on jetflow.
进一步研究结果表明，扰动射流受扰动频率影响很大，不同的射流速度对应不同的有效扰动频率；在有效扰动频率范围内，射流断裂后能得到均匀墨滴，墨滴数等于外加扰动的频率；当外加扰动的频率高于有效扰动频率上限时，墨滴间会发生严重的合并现象。
Through the analysis of the apparent velocity difference between effective wave and interference wave in the GPR and based on the study on the principle of 2-dimenaional filtering, a 2-dimensional frequency wavenumber filtering is adopted to remove noise in a time and frequency domain way in order to deal with GPR data, and the conclusion shows that the 2-dimensional filtering can effectively remove the interference.
在详细研究了二维滤波原理基础上，根据雷达数据中有效波和干扰波的视速度差异，利用频率－波数域二维滤波技术，采用在时间域和频率域两种实现方式去除噪声，对实际的雷达数据进行处理，结果表明频率－波数域二维滤波能有效地去除干扰，效果明显。
E coin wire-steel, notch groove pot and steel ball case, as for their breakge ability, scatter velocity, fragmentation power and so on, it is proposed to use coin wire-steel as power structure, which is high effective on the power of battle-part of shrapnel.
通过对盘绕钢丝、刻槽破片筒、钢珠套三种威力结构的破碎性、飞散速度、杀伤威力等方面的技术比较分析，提出了采用盘绕钢丝作为威力结构的思想，将对杀伤榴弹威力结构的研究产生深刻的影响。
This is done by calculating the rotational mass moment of inertia, the kinetic energy generated, and the effective mass; the latter is a function of the impact velocity, the velocity at the point of contact with the damper, and the energy.
要确定缓冲，先要计算转动惯量，产生的动能和有效负载；而有效负载和冲击速度、与缓冲接触点的速度以及能量是函数关系。
And their various locating properties under the condition of the effective sound velocity variation are analyzed.
基于声传播的平面波模型，采用向量分析方法导出了十字阵和正四面体阵的测向公式，分析了两者在有效声速变化条件下不同的定位性能；结果表明，对正四面体阵，采用合适的算式，可在方位估计中避开有效声速的影
Whereas the stratum abnormal high pressure character in Xu Jia-he of Chuan-xi area and the limitations of predicting stratum using equivalent depth method, adopting the model between interval velocity and effective stress based on the theorem of effective calculate the pore pressure. At the same time using predecessors` empirical formula combining the engineering geology character of Chuan-xi, optimize the logging calculation models about stratum caving pressure and break down pressure which suit work place, we will obtain the safe drill fluid density window which will prevent the destabilizing of the wall of a well.
鉴于川西地区须家河组的地层异常高压特性和等效深度法预测地层压力的局限，采用基于有效应力定理的层速度与有效应力关系模型来计算孔隙压力，同时借鉴经验公式并结合川西地区工程地质特点，优选出适合工区的地层坍塌压力和破裂压力测井计算模型，确定防止井壁失稳的安全钻进泥浆密度窗口。
The result indicates that FLAC is an effective method for analyzing the deformation of a slope either stable or unstble, and that excavated zones and mining velocity have some effects on the deformation.
结果表明：FLAC方法在分析复杂条件下的边坡变形特征方面显示了较强的优势，稳定边坡和不稳定边坡有着各自不同的变形特征，空区和开采速度对边坡变形产生一定的影响。
The related governing equations adopted in the research are illustrated as follows: the distributions of the velocity and pressure inside the porous media are based on the Darcy`s law, and the species transporting in the cathode is described by the Stefan-Maxwell gas diffusion equation and the effective gas diffusion coefficient of the porous material is amended by the Bruggemann model.
用Stefan-Maxwell气体扩散方程式来描述各种的反应物种在电池内的消长情况，加上Bruggemann模型修正孔隙材料内的有效气体扩散系数。
The axial mixing coefficient and effective velocity of liquid were evaluated by the method of least-square.
应用时域最小二乘法由实验数据得到液相的轴向返混系数和轴向有效流速等参数。
A set of reasonable and effective processing stream of converted wave data has been developed and converted wave data with high quality have been gained using a series of processing techniques such as: non iterative velocity analysis is applied to combine velocity analysis of converted wave data and CCP gathering to improve the accuracy of velocity analysis; mute distorted traces in CCP gathers to remove the effects of heterogeneity and anisotropy of medium; solve the problem that CCP is scattered with common bin stack, ensure that converted wave data are homophase stack; equivalent velocity migration technique is applied to build migration field of converted wave data and correctly migrate and position converted wave data using proven migration techniques of P wave.
通过无迭代速度分析，将转换波速度分析与共转换点选排结合起来，提高了速度分析的效率和精度；剔除CCP道集中的畸变道，消除介质的不均匀性和各向异性的影响；时变共面元叠加解决了转换点时变及分散的问题，保证转换波的同相叠加；等效速度偏移通过建立转换波的偏移速度场，利用纵波成熟的偏移技术保证转换波准确归位等一系列处理技术，形成了一套合理、高效的转换波处理流程，得到了高质量的转换波资料。
PIV technique is a kind of untouched flow field measurement, which can get the movement information of flow field by cross-correlation analysis of two flow field images. The great promising undisturbed flow field measurement technique gets over the limitation of the touching single point measurement instruments and can measure plane two-dimensional flow field. PIV technique has already been applied to two-dimensional flow field measurement of hydrodynamic experiments and aerodynamic experiments, and provides an effective way to study velocity distribution of flow field for scientific researchers.
PIV技术是近20年发展起来的非接触流场测量技术，通过对流场图像的互相关分析获取流场运动信息，克服了接触式单点测量设备的局限性，能够进行平面二维流场的测试，是一种非常有发展前景的无扰动流场测量技术，已经成功地应用在水动力实验、空气动力实验的二维流场测量中，为科研人员深入了解流场内部的速度分布提供了有效手段。
Results The treatment was effectual in 71 cases (70.73%), effective in 30 cases (29.27%), and the total effective rate reached 100%; after the administration, the left ventricular ejection fraction and the rate of filling velocity in early diastole over that in late diastole increased significantly (P＜0.01), the result of 6-minute Walk Test was improved greatly.
结果 显效71例(70.73%)，有效30例(29.27%)，总有效率100%。用药后，左心室射血分数、舒张早期最大充盈速度与舒张晚期最大充盈速度的比值均明显增加(P＜0。01)，6分钟步行距离明显改善。
Methods besides the traditional treatment, 101 patients with refractory heart failure were received continuous intravenous pumping of sodium nitroprusside combined with dopamine in therapeutic dose; the course lasted from 10 days to 15 days. results the treatment was effectual in 71 cases (70.73%), effective in 30 cases (29.27%), and the total effective rate reached 100%; after the administration, the left ventricular ejection fraction and the rate of filling velocity in early diastole over that in late diastole increased significantly (p＜0.01), the result of 6-minute walk test was improved greatly. conclusions continuous intravenous pumping of sodium nitroprusside combined with dopamine by syringe pump is of good clinical curative effect in treating patients with refractory hear failure.
对101例顽固性心力衰竭患者在继续采用传统综合治疗基础上，给予微量注射泵持续静脉泵注治疗量的硝普钠和多巴胺，疗程10～15 d。结果显效71例(70.73%)，有效30例(29.27%)，总有效率100%。用药后，左心室射血分数、舒张早期最大充盈速度与舒张晚期最大充盈速度的比值均明显增加(p＜0。01)，6分钟步行距离明显改善。结论微量注射泵持续静脉泵注硝普钠、多巴胺治疗顽固性心力衰竭有较好的临床效果。顽固性心力衰竭；微量注射泵；硝普钠；多巴胺