Based on this optical label swapping system, several main parts are studied in the paper including the influence of MZM extinction ratio, SOA`s insert current, input power of receiver module, pumping power, and probing power on bit error rate and relationship between wavelength conversion and conversion efficiency.
研究表明，不同因素对误码率的影响是相互制约的，要全面提高光标记系统的性能，必须综合考虑各方面的因素。所以存在最佳的MZM消光比、半导体光放大器偏置电流、泵浦功率、探测功率使得误码率最小。另一方面，当探测光波长接近泵浦光波长的时候，转换功率达到最大值。
However, with the transmission capacity and the voltage level of the power line increasing, conventional electromagnetic current transformer are found to have many insurmountable questions. For example, more complicated insulation between the primary winding and the secondary causes the larger size, heavier weight and higher cost. Because of the nonlinear factors of the ferrous core, such as eddy current and hyteresis loss when the core is saturated with large malfunction current, ratio error and phase error are very large.
然而，随着电力系统的传输容量越来越大，电压等级越来越高，传统的电磁式电流互感器因其传感原理而出现不可克服的题目：尽缘结构日趋复杂、体积大、造价高；在故障电流下铁芯易饱和，使二次电流值和波形失真，产生不能容许的丈量误差；充油易爆炸而导致忽然失效；若输出端开路，产生高电压对四周设备和职员存在潜伏的威胁；易受电磁干扰等。
The current ratio error of the BCT is in inverse proportion to the Ampere-turn product of the primary side of the BCT.
比流器的误差与一次安匝成反比，因此采用较大的一次安匝才得以设计出较高精度之比流器。
In this experiment, the resistance was measured by electricity bridge of direct current double arms, the diameter of thin brass wires was measured by the theory of interference of optics, and the resistance ratio of metal was calculated by using resistance law As a result, the relative error of the resistance ratio was less than.
该实验用直流双臂电桥测细铜丝的电阻，用光学中的等厚干涉原理测量细铜丝的微小直径，根据电阻定律计算铜的电阻率，是光学、电学的综合实验。
Parameter RESOLUTION Offset Error Gain Error Differential Nonlinearity Integral Nonlinearity TEMPERATURE DRIFT Offset Error Gain Error POWER SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO ANALOG INPUTS1 Differential Input Voltage Range Differential Input Resistance Differential Input Capacitance Input Bandwidth VSWR 2 POWER SUPPLY 3 Supply Current IAVCC (AVCC = 5.0 V) IEVCC (EVCC = 3.3 V) IVDD (VDD = 3.3 V) Total Power Dissipation 4
参数解决方案偏移误差增益误差微分非线性积分非线性温度漂移偏移误差增益误差电源抑制比1模拟输入；差分输入电压范围差分输入电阻电容输入带宽差分输入电压驻波比2电源3电源电流IAVCC（AVCC = 5.0五）IEVCC（EVCC = 3.3伏） IVDD（VDD的= 3.3伏）总功率耗散4
While utilizing ASC-TS, the required error propagation ratio of next GOP is learned from the error propagation results of current GOP.
模拟结果显示，相对於传统以画面位置为基础的分类机制，在相同的网路环境下，本论文提出的机制能改善接收的视讯品质达0.7dB。
7 Earthquake-resistant properties: Fortification intensity 8 degrees (three times sine resonance frequency, 5% attenuation) 0.25 g acceleration level of earthquake Vertical acceleration of 0.15 g Safety factor 1.67 Grounding System 4.8 Neutral effective earthing system 4.9 flashover relatively Creepage distance and distance Model LB6-35 (W2, W3) Flashover distance mm ≥ 450 Creepage distance mm ≥ 1050; 12155 technical requirements 5.1 rating and performance requirements 5.1.1 rated voltage: 35 kV; 5.1.2 rated insulation level: 40.5/95/185 kV; 5.1.3 rated frequency: 50 Hz; 5.1.4 rated current ratio, accurate scales and the corresponding nominal output and dynamic, thermal stability current table 5.1.5 level measurement instrumentation security coefficient FS: 5 or 10; 5.2 error limits 5.2.1 level measurement error limits In the secondary load for the rated load between 25 to 100 percent of any values (COS Φ= 0.8 lag), which rated the frequency and phase current error should not exceed Table 1 and Table 2 in the limit.
4.6 最大风速：35m/s。4.7 抗地震性能：设防烈度 8度(正弦共振3次周波，5%衰减)地震水平加速度 0.25 g 垂直加速度 0.15 g 安全系数 1.67 4.8 系统接地方式中性点有效接地系统 4.9 相对地闪络距离及爬电距离型号 LB6-35(W2、W3)闪络距离 mm ≥450 爬电距离 mm ≥1050；1215 5 技术要求 5.1 额定值和性能要求 5.1.1 额定电压：35 kV； 5.1.2 额定绝缘水平：40.5/95/185kV； 5.1.3 额定频率：50Hz； 5.1.4 额定电流比、准确级及相应的额定输出和动、热稳定电流见表 5.1.5 测量级仪表保安系数FS：5或10； 5.2 误差限值 5.2.1 测量级误差限值在二次负荷为额定负荷的25～100%之间任一数值时(COSΦ=0.8滞后)，其额定频率下的电流误差和相位差不应超过表1、表2所列限值。
Ratio-restrained differential protection is a main approach to prevent the mal-operation of the transformer when external faults happen. This protection is influenced by transient error that is caused by the current transducers saturation.
比率制动差动保护是防止外部故障时变压器误动的主要措施，该保护主要受互感器饱和造成的传变误差的影响。
By analyzing the affection of current transformer on the transformer differential protection, the relationship between current transformer error and waveform correlation coefficient of secondary current has been established, then, a principle of self-adaptive restraint ratio coefficient transformer differential protection based on waveform correlation coefficient is presented.
通过分析电流互感器饱和对变压器差动保护的影响，建立了电流互感器传变误差与波形相关系数之间的关系，从而提出了一种基于波形识别的变压器自适应制动比率差动保护原理。
A method of electronics for measuring the ratio error in current transformers is described.
本文介绍一种应用电子技术测量电流互威器误差的方法。
The setting of non-periodic component coefficient, transformer same type coefficient and transformer ratio error coefficient is analyzed for the misoperation of protection caused by the augment of short-circuit current multiple.
对工频短路电流倍数增大导致保护误动的缺点，分析了非周期分量系数、互感器同型系数、互感器比误差系数的整定。
Uncertainty Evaluation Report on Measurement Result of Ratio error and Phase displacement of Current Transformer
电流互感器比差、角差测量结果的不确定度评定报告
To ensure reliable no-action of differential protection on external short-circuit fault, the increasing of unbalanced current should be taken into account in maximal unbalanced current calculation, which is caused by only restraining the ratio error of current transformer.
为保证差动保护区外短路故障时可靠不动作，在计算最大不平衡电流时应考虑仅限制电流互感器变比误差导致不平衡电流增大因素。
Employing the proposed system, the input output performances, offset performances, and accuracy of the sensor were experimentally demonstrated, and a ratio error of about 0.5% was achieved in measured current range from 8 A to 200 A.
在8～200A的电流测量范围内，测量比差约为0.5%。
The transmitted signal can be amplified linearly in this platform, thus the system performance is enhanced in terms of nice signal transmission and low bit error ratio. First, the current research status, standards evolution and technical features are introduced in this thesis.
该平台可以实现传输信号的线性放大，从而提高信号的传输质量，降低误码。文章首先对IMT-Advanced系统的研究现状、标准进展及技术特点进行了介绍。
This paper made a discussion on current repeated utilizing ratio promotion method to infer indusrial water utilizing method. Basis on analyzing the reason of producing error, the original method has been improved, moreover, the correctitude of calculating industrial developing water utilization have been improved.
对现行的重复利用率提高法推测工业用水方法进行讨论，在分析误差产生原因的基础上，对原方法进行了改进，从而提高了此法推算工业发展用水的准确性。
This paper gives a new suspension non-disassembled testing method of double performance standard of bound percentage and damping ratio, according to analyse the current automobile suspension shock absorber performance testing and the error of bound percentage.
本论文主要是通过对现有汽车悬架减振器性能测试的方法及评价指标附着百分比的误差分析，提出了建立附着百分比、阻尼比双评价指标的一种新的悬架不解体测试方法。
The Error Analysis of Current Transformer Based on Waveform Distortion Ratio
基于波形畸变的电流互感器误差分析