Contact problems; finite element method; numerical simulation; conical roller bearings; automotive rear bridge; ANSYS
接触问题；有限元；数值模拟；圆锥滚子轴承；汽车后桥； ANSYS
The current study established a 3-dimension finite element model of UKNEE to simulate the malposition of patellofemoral components when humans squat under 20~ 60 degrees, and analyzed the contact characteristics under patellar component occurs maltranslation with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5mm in ML and superior-inferior directions, malflexion with ±1°, ±3°, ±5°and maltilting with ±1°, ±3°, ±5°related to neutral position. The model contained a femur component with 2718 elements and 2865 nodes and a patellar component with 2900 elements and 3294 nodes.
以之建立一股骨元件含2718个元素、2865个元素节点；髌骨元件含2900个元素、3294个元素节点之三维有限元素模型，模拟人体蹲下20度～60度时髌骨元件相对於其原始位置做内外侧（Medial-Lateral）位移各0.5、1.0、1.5mm；上下侧（Superior-Inferior）位移各0.5、1.0、1.5mm；屈曲±1度、±3度、±5度和倾斜±1度、±3度、±5度以及股骨元件相对於髌骨原始位置内转1度、3度、5度的不当对位情况，分析其接触特性。
Considering the non-linear contact problem, the computational analysis and study of finite element analysis are carried out on hydraulic wrench, and the optimized shape and dimension are obtained, and the structural features and load bearing conditions have been obviously improved.
考虑非线性接触问题，对液压扳手进行了有限元优化的计算分析与研究，得到了优化的形状与尺寸，结构的特性与受力状况得到明显改善。
On the basis of the established welded casing finite element model of large scaled axial flow compressor, contact problems between step surface of linking bolt and flange surface of upper casing and between upper and lower casing flange surfaces and pre-tightening problem of bolt have been processed. Analytical calculation was carried out on the model by applying the finite element analysis software.
在建立大型轴流压缩机焊接机壳有限元模型的基础上，对联接螺栓台阶面与上机壳法兰面和上下机壳法兰面之间的接触问题，以及螺栓的预紧问题进行了处理，应用有限元分析软件对模型进行了分析计算。
The foundation of arch dam usually is layer rock base, and the depths of the layer are small, it is common that several layer rock base contact with one layer element grid. According to the geometry relation and the property of shape function, a new element kind that includes 24 nodes has been proposed to dissect the dam and foundation effectively, whose shape function are independent. In fact the element can be looked as a hexahedron divided into five small hexahedrons. It can be simulate all kind of the condition of the base and the dam.
拱坝的地基一般是层状岩石地基，有的层厚度很小，这样就有多个岩层和坝体某层单元接触，本文根据岩基与坝体接触的几何关系，利用形函数的性质，提出24节点六面体层单元，这种单元实际上是将一个厚的六面体单元分成5个更薄的六面体单元而形成的，其形函数采用可以拆分的形式表达，因此可以方便地解决坝体单元的一、二、三、四个面与错动带接触的情况，可以模拟一、二、三、四个棱边与错动带接触的情况，还可以退化为12节点的四边形面单元，以及五面体层单元。
By using the 3-D finite-element software ANSYS, the contact partial magnetic field distribution of limiting current circuit breaker was analyzed, the Holm force and the Lorentz force of contact system were calculated, while the affecting factor to Lorentz force was analyzed.
基于触头系统的电动斥力对限流式断路器的分断具有重要影响，利用三维有限元软件ANSYS分析限流式断路器触头部分磁场的分布，并统一计算触头系统的Holm力和Lorentz力，分析影响Lorentz力的因素。
An analogy contact element model was established by using the reading rigidity element in SAP5 programs.
针对使用井下钻具时经常出现主轴在退刀槽附近突然断裂的问题，应用SAP5通用程序中的读入刚度单元模拟构造了接触单元，用有限元法对井下钻具主轴系统的结构强度进行了分析。
A method for producing fatty acid alkyl esters and/or glycerin comprising a step of bringing a fat or oil into contact with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of the following to: a metal oxide having an ilmenite structure and/or a slyrankite structure; an oxide containing a metallic element belonging to the Group 12 and a metallic element belonging to the Group 4; a mixed oxide containing a metallic element belonging to the Group 12 and a tetravalent transition metallic element; a metal oxide containing zirconium and at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of metallic elements belonging to the Groups 4, 5 and 8; and a metal oxide containing anatase type titanium oxide and/or rutile type titanium oxide, and the metal oxide containing a sulfur component of 700 ppm or less.
脂肪酸烷基酯和/或甘油的制造方法包括在催化剂的存在下使脂肪或油与醇接触的步骤，其中，所述催化剂是选自由下列～所组成的组中的至少一种催化剂：具有钛铁矿结构和/或斯里兰卡石结构的金属氧化物；含有属于第12族的金属元素和属于第4族的金属元素的氧化物；含有属于第12族的金属元素和四价过渡金属元素的混合氧化物；含有锆和选自由属于第4、5和8族的金属元素所组成的组中的至少一种金属元素的金属氧化物；和含有锐钛矿型氧化钛和/或金红石型氧化钛的金属氧化物，并且所述金属氧化物含有的硫成分为700ppm以下。
Methods A wet hip joint's sample from corpse was scaned by CT and all images of every cross-section hip joint's layer was obtained, and an hip joint's model was contructed with Unigraphics NX 2.0 and Solid Works 2006 SP 0.0 software. The models were assembled when simulated total hip arthroplasty after total hip joint prosthetic and ischiofemoral ligament model had been constructured. Analysis was done on von Mises stress distribution and amount of total hip component when simulated seated leg-crossing manuver. The bone and metal components were meshed as rigid bodies, composed of three-dimensional, all-quadrilateral rigid body elements, and hip joint capsule ligament was fully three-dimensional, hexahedral continuum elements representations. Results The current form of this ischiofemoral ligament's reconstruction finite element model provided for multi-body contact, large displacement interfacial sliding, large deformation capsule ligament representation, and clearly reflected the real ischiofemoral ligansent's anatomy and biomechanical behavior. The maximum on Mises stresses at the joint interface was more than that fur an otherwise identical hardware-only construct.
选择成人尸体髋关节行CT成像得到髋关节每层横截面图像，提取边界坐标，利用有限元分析软件Unigraphics NX 2.0和Solid-Works 2006 SP0.0构建出髋关节三维有限元模型及人工髋关节假体，并模拟全髋置换术进行装配，将坐股韧带按其术中重建位置进行构建骨骼与金属模型采用三维十节点四面体实体单元进行网格划分，关节囊六面体连接单元划分，模拟坐位腿交叉动作载荷获取假体撞击过程的角活动度和相应的von Mises应力分布情况结果所构建的多体连接、大界面划移、大变形的坐股韧带重建有限元模型，客观反映坐股韧带真实解剖形态及生物力学行为，增加坐股韧带重建的模型其关节面的最大主应力值大于仅有金属的模型。
In this paper, by using Signorini contact problem was presented as an example, we study the boundary element method for the boundary variational inequality of contact problem, and derive the theorem of existence and uniqueness of the approximate of the discreted boundary variational inequality.
以Signorini 接触问题为例，讨论了接触问题边界变分不等式的边界元方法，得到了离散边界变分不等式近似解的存在唯一性定理，给出了近似解与精确解的误差估计表达式。
Theshell93 as the element of the model is chosen, and the model of singlelayer bellowsand multilayer bellows are established. The contact between the layers of multilayerbellows is considered and the analysis results are compared with the results calculatedby EJMA. The validity of the finite element method used in the paper is proved.
本文选用空间壳单元 shell93，建立了单层及多层波纹管的有限元结构分析模型，考虑了多层波纹管层与层之间在接触情况下的强度、刚度、屈曲问题，并将分析结果与美国 EJMA 标准中波纹管设计公式得出的结果进行了比较，验证了使用ANSYS计算多层波纹管方法的有效性。
A thermal elasto-plastic contact model which can take into account the effects of temperature-dependent yield strength was developed by using finite element method.
在热弹塑性理论的基础上，考虑了材料性能随温度的变化，导出了钢筋混凝土受弯构件热弹塑性问题的应力-应变-温度耦合本构方程。
In this dissertation, first, based on theory of cutting tooth about the gleason spiral bevel gear, the equation of meshing in the process of cutting tooth, the surface equation of generating gear as well as the general tooth surface equation of the double circular arc spiral bevel gear, using GB12759-1991 type of double circular arc gear as a basic gear profile, a three-dimension solid model of double circular arc spiral bevel gear which has the good adaptability was carried out by used of Unigraphics software; Second, by researching of the algorithm about contact and collision as well as various contact types based upon Contacting Finite Element Method, a foundation was laid for selecting the contact type in analyzing contact stress of double circular arc spiral bevel gearing; Finally, through the connection port of PARASOLID between UG software and ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, the three-dimension solid model of double circular arc spiral bevel gearing obtained above in UG was imported into ANSYS/LS-DYNA, a finite element analyzing about contact stress of double circular arc spiral bevel gearing was carried out by applying new loading method.
本文首先基于格利森弧齿锥齿轮加工原理及切齿啮合过程中的啮合方程、产形轮齿面方程以及双圆弧弧齿锥齿轮的齿面方程，选用GB12759-1991型双圆弧齿轮基本齿廓为基准齿形，利用Unigraphics软件的建模功能，绘制了有较好适应性的双圆弧弧齿锥齿轮传动三维实体模型。其次，描述了应用有限单元法进行实体接触与碰撞问题算法的公式，研究了有限元分析中的各种接触类型以及双圆弧弧齿锥齿轮接触应力分析中所选择接触类型的依据。最后，通过UG软件和ANSYS/LS-DYNA之间的PARASOLID接口工具包，将UG软件中得到的啮合齿轮模型导入ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元分析软件，给出一种新的加载方法，进行了双圆弧弧齿锥齿轮传动的接触应力的有限元分析。
Keywords longitudinally welded pipe; contact pressure; holo photoelastic method; finite element method
直缝焊管；接触压力；光弹性方法；有限元方法
Based on the characteristic of the structure of oil seal, two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element model of oil seal was established, the finite elements analysis was carried out for the influence of four important parameters on the maximum contact pressure and its distribution which were the width of the waist, the distance between lip surface, the surface of garter spring groove center, the difference in lip and shaft diameter as well as the contact surface angle.
根据油封结构的特点，建立了油封的二维轴对称有限元模型，在有无弹簧两种情况下，分析了油封的腰厚、密封圈唇口平面到弹簧槽中心平面的距离R以及过盈量S和唇前角四种重要参数对最大接触压力及其分布情况的影响。
Secondly, the wheel/rail contact geometry, wheel/rail interactive forces and the wheel/rail roughness are studied. In this thesis, a wheelset finite element model with 9584 elements and 12663 nodes is set up by using the ANSYS software, and the modal shapes and dynamic responses of the different parts of the wheel are calculated.
首先建立了一个标准轮对的模型，是一个有9584个单元，12663个节点有限元模型，通过ANSYS有限元分析软件对其施加位移激励，进行频谱分析，得到轮对各部位的功率响应谱，以此分析轮对不同部位对于踏面激励的响应，从而得知轮对那一部位的振动对整个轮对的影响最大。
This paper takes off the overall structure of oscillating tooth reduction gear using of the theoretical knowledge of finite element, contact stress and toplolgy, for oscillating tooth reduction gear to carry out design, establishment monochrome topological graph of the kinematic chain of oscillating tooth reduction gear, at the same time also establishment kinematc and dynamics mathematical model of oscillating
本文也利用有限元、接触应力、拓扑学的理论知识，对井下活齿减速器的整体结构进行设计，建立了井下活齿减速器运动链的单色拓扑图，同时也建立了井下活齿减速器的运动学与动力学的数学模型，应用大型的仿真软件和有限元分析软件，对井下活齿减速器的活齿中心运动轨迹进行仿真，分析与满意度出了活齿减速器的运动学与动力学特性，对井下活齿减速器关键零件进行了应力分析，使用故障树的方法，分析了井下活齿减速器的可靠性，所得的结果可以指导实际的井下减速器的设计。
Finite element software was used to analyze the residual stress of joint between the cemented carbide cirque and steel matrix, and researches the effect of buffer layer and pressure applied. The simulation shows that: the residual stress in the contact surface between brazing seam and cemented carbide is maximal, and the region near the inner side of the contact surface is the most dangerous.
采用有限元软件对硬质合金圆环与钢基体钎焊接头残余应力的分布状态进行模拟，研究缓冲层对接头残余应力的影响，结果表明，在钎缝与硬质合金一侧接触面上残余应力最大，在接触面上靠近中心侧区域为最危险区域。
First, this article introduced 2 grade of rotary kiln principle of work and the equipment, to rolled the circle mechanics behavior to carry on the analysis, proposed - rolled the circle - under roller's rotary kiln overall modelling based on the tube body - kiln liner - big tooth ring, to rolled the circle - under roller's contact stress to carry on the finite element analysis the method, and obtained rolled the circle contact stress the size and the distribution rule, finally indicated that rolled the circle contact stress mainly to have two main peak values and the sudden change in one week, appeared is rolling the circle and the under roller contact area; Then, rolls the circle the stress to regard as is the principal stress unknown plane stress test, the use quite mature modern test technology, proposed rolls the circle stress test the principle and the plan, and to rolled the circle the stress to carry on the scene test, the stress which the scene test analysis result and the finite element analysis calculated has compared, had proven the whole method modelling's finite element analysis method's rationality and rolled the circle - under roller contact stress the result accuracy; Finally, uses ANSYS APDL the re-development technology, in view of 2 grades of rotary kilns, rolled the circle - under roller contact stress the overall finite element analytic method to carry on the re-development.
首先，本文介绍了2档回转窑工作原理和装置，对滚圈的力学行为进行了分析，提出了基于筒体-窑衬-大齿圈-滚圈-托轮的回转窑整体建模，对滚圈-托轮的接触应力进行有限元分析的方法，并得到了滚圈接触应力的大小和分布规律，结果表明滚圈接触应力在一周内主要存在两个主要的峰值和突变，都出现在滚圈与托轮接触区域；然后，把滚圈的受力看成是主应力未知的平面应力的测试，利用比较成熟的现代测试技术，提出了滚圈应力测试的原理和方案，并对滚圈的应力进行了现场测试，现场测试分析结果与有限元分析计算出的应力相比较，证明了整体法建模的有限元分析方法的合理性和滚圈-托轮接触应力的结果的正确性；最后，利用ANSYS的APDL的二次开发技术，针对2档回转窑，就滚圈-托轮接触应力的整体有限元分析法进行了二次开发。
Based on the solution to the deflection of a cantilever beam subjected to tip force and dynamic characteristics of a viaduct with a single-column pier, the influences of element shape, number of integration points and the Hourglass modes to the CPU time and accuracy are studied during collapse analysis.(5) It costs long CPU time to perform simulation with Explicit Time Integration, and some technical methods are studied to improve the analysis efficiency with little loss of accuracy, which include gathering mass, defining of rigid body and contact rationally.
结合推倒分析结果，实现了考虑倒塌的钢筋混凝土桥梁地震反应全过程仿真分析，并将仿真分析结果与其他数值分析方法及实验结果、实际震害进行了比较验证；(3)通过比选现有动力非线性有限元分析软件，采用了商用软件LS-DYNA进行仿真分析，采用CANNY进行弹塑性推倒分析；(4)通过对悬臂梁端部集中力作用下挠度的计算和对一座独柱式桥墩的高架桥动力特性计算，研究了倒塌分析中单元形状选取、单元积分点数、积分算法、是否考虑沙漏等因素对计算速度和精度的影响等几个算法问题；(5)基于显式积分技术的仿真分析的特点是计算量非常大，因此改善计算效率是解决问题的关键。