This paper studies the relationship between operational life of concrete construction and environmental corrosion mediator, such as sulfate, etc.
收集了世界上不同地理环境下的37个工程实例的具体参数和使用状况，使用这些数据对该问题进行研究。
The construction of a reinforced concrete deck box arch bridge was carried out by segment precasting, cable crane installation and cantilever erection by the aid of stayed cables with the cables fixed by the anchors embedded in rocks.
采用ALGOR大型有限元计算软件建模计算，设计2×653m双跨70t 缆索吊机，缆索吊机按单组主索可横移式设计，经试吊各主要参数与计算基本相符，满足了主桥上部结构预制构件不同位置吊装的需要。
The article regards " shenbao " before 1919 and state of development of modern sports of Shanghai as the research object in the form of body of complete story of the record event, " shenbao " separately Shanghai modern concession sports of China, sports of the school, athletics sports, woman's sports, nationality's traditional sports, sports organization and management, venue construction of sports, sports lottery industry, sports books, , sports goods and " shenbao " Shanghai modern sports transmutation of thought announced carry on concrete historical research.
文章以纪事本末体的形式，以1919年前的《申报》与上海近代体育发展状况为研究对象，分别就《申报》中的上海近代租界体育、学校体育、竞技体育、女子体育、民族传统体育、体育组织和管理、体育场馆建设、体育博彩业、体育书籍、体育用品以及《申报》中所揭示的上海近代体育思想的嬗变进行了具体的历史研究。
The construction of Roller Compacted Concrete Dam is a complicated systems engineering problem, which not only has gigantic engineering quantity, long work time, a large number of working faces, numerous construction machines and types, complicated structures of dam, difficult construction and high work intensity, but also influenced by many factors, such as terrain and geology, climate condition, methods of leading current, parting of dam, start concreting time of Roller Compacted Concrete, construction measures and so on.
碾压混凝土坝施工是一个复杂的系统工程问题，不仅工程量大、浇筑工期长、仓面多、浇筑机械数量和型号多、坝体结构复杂、技术难度和施工强度高，而且在施工的过程中还受到地形地质、气候条件、导流方式、分缝分块、碾压混凝土初凝时间、施工手段等众多因素的影响。
It aims at enabling students to master basic principles of the design of reinforcing steel bar and concrete, to master the structure design approaches for monolayer and multilayer structure houses of reinforcing steel bar and concrete, including calculation, construction, shop drawing, and to have basic ability to design reinforcing steel bar and concrete in industrial and civil construction.
其任务是使学生通过本课程的学习，掌握钢筋混凝土结构设计的基本原理，掌握单层、多层钢筋混凝土结构房屋的结构设计方法，包括计算、构造、绘制施工图等，并具有一般工业与民用建筑中的钢筋混凝土结构的设计能力。
From the material choice, the superiority which has carries on the synthesis comparison to the steel structure system, and from the construction cost, aspects and so on synthesis economic efficiency has carried on the technology and the efficient analysis to the steel structure housing draws the conclusion: The steel structure housing use area ratio reinforced concrete housing increases about 6%, the time limit for a project reduced large scale, has met the great span construction need, specially the superior anti-knocking property, the recoverability, has manifested the steel structure comprehensive construction cost superiority; The steel structure or the steel - concrete composite structure housing direct economic efficiency mainly comes from the structure construction time limit for a project to reduce with the house useable area rate enhancement superiority, and increases along with the housing layer, the benefit increases obviously.
2从材料的选择，具有的优势对钢结构体系进行综合比较，并从造价、综合经济效益等方面对钢结构住宅进行了技术与经济性分析得出结论：钢结构住宅使用面积比钢筋混凝土住宅增加6％左右，工期大幅度缩减，满足了大跨度建筑需求，特别是优越的抗震性，可回收性，体现了钢结构住宅的综合造价优势；钢结构或钢-混凝土混合结构住宅的直接经济效益主要来自结构施工工期缩短和房屋使用面积率提高的优势，并且随着住宅层数增加，效益增加越明显。
The article introduces the cause of the cracking of concrete bridge floor, and expounds the maintenance methods, the design and the problems should be paid attention to in the construction.
对水泥混凝土桥面开裂原因进行了分析，对其维修方法以及设计、施工应注意的几个问题作了论述。
The reliability of analysis result depends largely on the in-house experimental conditions. Unlike the previous analysis that only concerns the sole effect of permeable pressure, this article considers both permeable and confining pressure and deformation characteristics of concrete material under the interaction of them according to the real work state of construction, which may leads to the changing pattern of permeable rate as listed below: permeable rate always reaches its peak with the time process going on, than goes down and remains straight on some certain value; The PR will tend to decline while the confining pressure is increased, and the time taken before the peak will be extended as well; Under the constant permeable pressure and circularly changing confining pressure, the minus-exponential ascend and descend relationship could be applied between the PR and Time axes respectively with crannied and intact concrete samples, and the PR of crannied concrete is far more larger than that of intact concrete. The change pattern of concrete could also be mathematically analogized using the least square method.
室内的实验条件是研究成果可靠性的重要因素，而以往的研究都只考虑了渗透压单一作用，本文根据混凝土结构的实际工作状态，同时考虑了围压与渗透压共同作用下的混凝土材料的渗透性变化特征，得出了混凝土材料在围压作用与渗透压共同作用下的渗透率的变化规律：渗透率都是随时间推移先达到一个峰值，再降低并趋于平稳；渗透率会随围压的增大而减小，并且峰值的到达时间也会随之延长；在渗透压不变，围压升降循环的情况下，有裂缝、无裂缝混凝土的渗透率变化规律是随时间成负指数关系上升、下降，且有裂缝混凝土试件的渗透率远远高于无裂缝混凝土的渗透率，并对混凝土的变化规律运用最小二乘法进行数学拟合。
This article introduced the corrosive atmosphere and anticorrosive mechanism of reinforced concrete structures and facilities in theory and put forward a proposal of anticorrosion that prevention and control should be provided in comprehensive way from design to construction, and examples also being illustrated.
该文从理论上介绍了钢筋混凝土构筑物及设备在各种条件下的腐蚀现象和防腐机理，提出了防腐应从设计到施工进行综合防治的想法，并通过工程实例加以说明。
Based on measured data and factual work of a metro station construction in shanghai, the bracing effect of concrete cushion is analyzed.
结合上海轨道交通某在建地铁车站基坑开挖时的变形监测数据及跟踪工况，对素混凝土垫层的支撑约束作用进行了监测分析。
According to construction of super mass concrete of 4# cushion cap of the Yangtze River Bridge, the general reason of temperature crack and temperature control measure are proposed systematically.
结合某长江公路大桥4号主墩承台大体积混凝土施工实践，对大体积混凝土温度裂缝的原因和防裂措施进行了详细的分析和探讨，以完善大体积混凝土施工技术，对类似的工程具有一定的借鉴意义。
The back analysis explains some problems appeared under construction, such as the cracks on upstream cushion and the concrete face apart from cushion.
目前面板坝的设计原则主要是根据以往百米级面板坝的建设经验，不完全适用于分期填筑的高面板坝。
The article has explained that the important meaning of strengthening construction of administratin ability of the party, strengthened the concrete goal of construction of administration ability of the party, and proposed strengthening the concrete measure of constructing leading group at all levels.
党的十六届四中全会向全党提出了加强党的执政能力建设这一历史任务，对加强领导班子建设赋予了新的内涵、提出了新的要求。在新世纪阶段，继续推进党的建设这项新的伟大工程，就要始终围绕提高
The mainresearches and achievements are as follows:(1) Analyze and further formalize normal quality inspection index andinspection methods used in concrete cutoff wall construction; In accordancewith the verticality required by construction specification and design ofconcrete cutoff wall, test method for construction slot hole inclination areanalyzed and researched, the strictness and feasibility of hole inclinationinspection by stacked hole inclination method are demonstrated; Inspectionindex and calculation methods of minimum joint thickness of stageⅠ, stageⅡslot hole are analyzed based on design requirement of concrete cutoff wallthickness requirement and property of crossed circle.
主要研究工作及成果如下：(1)对混凝土防渗墙施工过程中常规质量检测指标和检测方法进行分析总结，进一步规范化；针对施工规范及设计提出的混凝土防渗墙垂直度的要求，分析研究施工槽孔孔斜率的检测方法并论证叠加孔斜率方法检测孔斜的严格性和可行性；根据设计提出的混凝土防渗墙厚度的要求和相交圆的性质，分析研究Ⅰ、Ⅱ期槽孔最小套接厚度的检测指标和计算方法。
Through finite element analysis, it is concluded that the crack during construction is mainly due to the shrinkage of concrete, the stage during construction is not primary stage of cracking, but it will affect the cracking state of slabs in the use.
采用ANSYS有限元软件对最不利楼板进行了应力理论分析，得出施工阶段的开裂主要是由于混凝土的收缩引起的，施工阶段不是楼板开裂的主要阶段，但对后期楼板是否裂缝有一定的影响。
The beam shape of concrete transfer floor is completely studied. Firstly, for the system of moulding board and support frame in construction the side pressure and screws are analyzed. The material and structure form of support frame are discussed. The design of support frame uses the method of limited state, and also it analyses the integer stability, part stability, and single stability, and then proposes the load analysis of multi-level support frame.
首先，针对转换层梁模体系及支撑架施工，重点分析了转换层结构现浇混凝土对模板侧压力值及模板对拉螺杆的计算；讨论了转换层支撑体系的形式及构造，详细论述了基于极限状态设计的支撑架计算方法，包括纵横向水平杆的强度验算、立杆的整体稳定性、局部稳定性、单肢杆件稳定性等验算，并提出了多层支撑架的施工荷载计算方法。
The construction site needs a new concrete mixer.
工地上需要一台新的混凝土搅拌机。
In this paper, the bearing capacity of the column-beam joints poured with thesame strength concrete as beams and slabs of a construction in Chongqing is checked, so the feasibility of column-beam joints poured with the same strength as beams andslabs is discussed. And six column-beam joint specimens are tested which is subjectedto cyclic loading. Based on measurement of strains of both horizontal stirrups in thejoint core and longitudinal reinforcement passing through the joint, and the research ofthe specimens` ductility, energy-dissipation capacity and bond deterioration ofreinforcement passing through the joint, the influence of the column-beam joints pouredwith the same strength concrete as beams and slabs on the seismic performance of thespecimens was investigated.
本文对重庆市某实际工程的梁柱节点在采用梁板混凝土浇注后的承载力进行了验算，以考查这一施工方法在低烈度区应用的可行性；同时设计并完成了 3 组共 6 个钢筋混凝土空间框架节点的低周反复加载对比试验，通过量测各试件节点区水平箍筋以及贯穿节点的梁、柱纵筋在不同受力阶段的应变等，对比分析各组试件延性、耗能性及梁柱纵筋的粘结退化状况，考查了节点核芯区采用梁板混凝土浇注后对试件抗震性能的影响。
This section contains a minimum of necessary control measures for the planning and construction of concrete structures.
本章内容包含混凝土结构必需的最低控制措施。
This paper introduces the advantages of using the cold-rolled ribbed steel fibric in the construction of concrete deck paving of superhighway, and puts forward some items that should pay attention to in adopting this new technique.
介绍了高速公路桥面混凝土铺装层采用冷轧带肋钢筋网片施工的优点，提出了采用该新技术时的注意事项。