Remove harmful carbon in the spraying nozzle, intake valve and combustion chamber.
清除喷油嘴、进气门和燃烧室中的积碳
And finally, with radiation cooling, heat is radiated from the outer surface of the combustion chamber or nozzle extension wall.
最后，与辐射冷却，热辐射是从外表面燃烧室或喷管延长墙。
The primary function of a nozzle is to channel and accelerate the combustion products produced by the burning propellant in such as way as to maximize the velocity of the exhaust at the exit, to supersonic velocity.
其主要功能喷嘴是渠道，并加速燃烧的产品所产生的燃推进剂在这样的方式，以最大限度的速度排气在出口，以超音速的速度。
The combustion and flow in the motor and nozzle is adiabatic, that is, no heat loss occurs to the surroundings.
燃烧和流动的汽车和喷嘴是绝热，即是没有热损失的发生环境。
Finite element method is used in the study of nozzle damping of instable combustion in a solid rocket motor.
应用有限单元法研究固体火箭发动机不稳定燃烧中的喷管阻尼，并用波衰减对比法进行了试验研究。
Lastly, two-phase flow flied is studied under spinning (60n/s and 100n/s) condition, integral calculation of the two-phase flow is completed in the spinning SRM combustion chamber and nozzle, and the behavior and varieties of parameters of different diametric particles are studied in spinning internal flow flied thoroughly. The analysis of result and discussion are presented by comparison to two-phase flow flied of no-spinning case.
最后重点研究旋转情况下(25n/s和60n/s)固体火箭发动机两相流场，进行旋转固体火箭发动机燃烧室—喷管一体化两相流场数值模拟，分析了发动机内不同颗粒的运动及参数变化规律，并与不旋转两相流场对比进行结果分析和讨论。
The flow through a real nozzle differs from that of an ideal nozzle because of frictional effects, heat transfer, imperfect gases and incomplete combustion, non-axial flow, nonuniformity of the fluid, and particle velocity and thermal lag.
流通过一个真正的喷嘴不同，是一个理想的喷嘴，因为摩擦的影响，传热，不完善的气体和不完全燃烧，非轴向流，非均匀性的流体，以及粒子速度和热滞后。
In different spray advance angle the predicted in-cylinder pressure curve can fit test curve well that proves the accuracy of the mathematic models involved in the multi-dimensional transient numerical simulation and the reliability of the application of whole model simulation. In addition the results show radiation heat transfer accounts for about 30%of the total heat transfer in diesel engine cylinder and heat transfer of piston accounts for 60%of the total heat loss.4.On the base of multi-dimensional transient numerical simulation of in-cylinder working process three dimensional coupled computation model which combines in-cylinder working process and combustion chamber components was built using partition solution method and boundary coupled method. So three dimensional complete model simulation by coupling in-cylinder working process and combustion chamber parts was realized and the effect of heat transfer space no-uniformity on in-cylinder heat transfer, flow, spray, combustion and emission is studied. Results show the effect of wall temperature space no-uniform distribution of combustion chamber components on heat transfer happens mainly at the end of compression stroke and expansion stroke. Therefore it can be concluded that wall temperature space no-uniform distribution of combustion chamber components would influence heat transfer during intake and exhaust stroke obviously. The wall temperature space no-uniform distribution of combustion chamber components is hardly related to in-cylinder gas flow, which is mainly dependent on the combustion chamber components structure, intake system structure, fuel spray nozzle structure, nozzle position and spray intensity. From the results of fuel atomization simulation it can be known the wall temperature space no-uniform distribution of combustion chamber components has certain influence on fuel atomization at the initial and middle stage of spray, mainly in the bottom space of combustion chamber and near cylinder wall. At the late stage of spray in-cylinder gas temperature is mainly dependent on fuel combustion, not on heat transfer of cylinder wall, so the wall temperature space no-uniform distribution of combustion chamber components has nearly no effect on spray. However at this time radiation heat transfer acts on spray remarkably that result in heat transfer increasing and spray getting worse. The heat transfer space no-uniformity of combustion chamber components has certain effect on CO_2 formation during spray and reduces gradually until late combustion stroke. For CO the situation is on the contrary. In addition radiation heat transfer influences the whole combustion process deeply. The heat transfer space non-uniformity of combustion chamber components directly influences the formation of NO_x and convection heat transfer space non-uniformity mainly influences the formation of NO_x near combustion chamber wall surface. The radiation heat transfer space non-uniformity mainly influences the formation of NO_x within combustion chamber space and not near the wall surface. The heat. transfer space non-uniformity of combustion chamber components has little effect on soot formation, far less than on NO_x.
在缸内工作过程多维瞬态数值模拟计算校验基础上，利用分区求解、边界耦合法建立了缸内工作过程与燃烧室部件的三维耦合计算模型，从而实现了缸内工作过程与燃烧室部件的耦合三维全仿真模拟计算，以此考察燃烧室部件传热空间非均匀性对缸内传热、流动、喷雾、燃烧和排放的影响，结果表明燃烧室部件壁面温度的空间非均匀分布对传热的影响主要是在压缩过程和膨胀过程后期，由此可推断在进气过程和排气过程中燃烧室部件表面温度分布的非均匀性对传热会有较为明显的影响；燃烧室部件壁面温度的空间非均匀分布对缸内气体流动几乎没有任何影响，缸内流动主要取决于燃烧室部件结构、进气系统部件结构以及喷油嘴结构、喷孔位置和喷射强度等；燃油的雾化效果的计算结果发现，喷雾初期和中期燃烧室部件壁面温度的空间非均匀分布对燃油的雾化有一定影响，主要影响燃烧室底部空间和壁面附近区域，在喷雾后期，此时缸内气体温度主要取决于燃油的燃烧，壁面换热的影响本身就极小，因此壁面温度分布的空间非均匀性对雾化的影响也极小，但辐射传热对燃油雾化效果会产生显著影响，换热量的增加使整体雾化效果下降；喷雾过程燃烧室部件传热空间非均匀性对燃烧产物CO_2的生成会产生一定影响，而燃烧过程后期这种影响逐渐减弱，其对中间产物CO的生成的影响则相反，另外，辐射换热对整个燃烧过程起到至关重要的决定性作用；燃烧室部件传热空间非均匀性影响最明显的是NO_x的生成，对流换热的空间非均匀性主要影响燃烧室壁面附件区域内NO_x的生成，辐射换热的空间非均匀性主要影响整个燃烧室空间内部NO_x的生成，在燃烧室部件壁面附件区域内的影响较小；燃烧室部件传热空间非均匀性对碳烟生成的影响要远远小于对NO_x生成的影响。
The invention also relates to a nozzle body (31) comprising a nozzle outlet which is disposed on the combustion chamber side end thereof, a nozzle needle (33) which is arranged in an axially displaceable manner and/or which can is actuated in a longitudinal recess (32) of the nozzle body (31 a throttle disk (25) which is arranged between the nozzle body (31) and the control valve (20) and which is closed on the rear end (oriented away from the nozzle outlet) of the longitudinal recess (32). Said throttle disk forms an opening stop for the nozzle needle (33) which co-operates with the rear front surface (orientated away from the nozzle outlet) of the nozzle needle (33) and defines the opening stroke of the nozzle needle (33), and a control chamber (45) formed between the rear nozzle needle front surface and the throttle disk (25), said control chamber being hydraulically connected to a pressure connection (29) which is used to supply fuel.
还设置了：一个喷嘴体(31)，在该喷嘴体的燃烧室侧的端部上构成一个喷嘴出口；一个喷嘴针(33)，该喷嘴针在轴向上可运动或可操作地安置在该喷嘴体(31)的一个纵向开口(32)中；一个封闭该纵向开口(32)的后面的端部的、安置在喷嘴体(31)与控制阀(20)之间的节流盘(25)，该节流盘构成用于该喷嘴针(33)的一个打开止挡，在此与该喷嘴针(33)的后面的端面协同作用并由此限定该喷嘴针(33)的打开行程的边界；和一个在该后面的喷嘴针端面与该节流盘(25)之间构成的控制室(45)，该控制室与一个用于燃料输入的压力接口(29)处于液压连接中。
The invention relates to a continuous heat-treating furnace of an automobile hub, comprising a conveyer belt 1 penetrating the heat-treating furnace, which is characterized in that: three combustion furnace chambers 11, a hot-blast nozzle 2 and a return airway 3 are arranged above the conveyer belt 1; a frequency conversion fan 4 is arranged in the combustion furnace chambers 11; a gas burner 5 is arranged on the wall; a temperature controller 10 is arranged on the bottom of the heat-treating furnace; a photoelectric inductor 8 and a PLC controller 9 are arranged at the exit end; the casing material adopts aluminum silicate fiber and stainless steel.
本发明涉及汽车轮毂连续式热处理炉，它包括贯穿热处理炉的输送带1，其上方的三只燃烧炉室11，热风喷嘴2，回风道3，燃烧炉室11内置有耐高温的变频风机4，壁上设有燃气烧嘴5，热处理炉底部装有温控计10，出口端置有光电感应器8和 PLC 控制器9，外壳材料采用硅酸铝纤维和不锈钢。
The combustion air passes through swirl vanes whose location relative to the fuel nozzle exit can be adjusted.
燃烧空气通过涡流叶片，其位置相对燃料喷管可作调整。
The quality of nozzle holes affects directly the combustion and injection performance of a diesel engine.
喷油嘴喷孔加工质量直接影响发动机的燃料喷射和燃烧性能。
The results indicate that Fuel-air distribution characteristics of impingement spray is largely affected by impingement angle, distance and orientation surface shape. In the condition of short distance, limited impingement area and appropriate impingement angle, spray penetration can be adjusted in a certain extent. The penetration increases as the consequence of smaller impingement angle. Compared with free spray, short distance impingement spray performs with bigger spread angle and width, shorter liquid kernel length, and earlier vaporizations happening. Variation in the percentage of impinged fuel leads to further change of fuel-air distribution characteristics.(2) According to the principle of secondary atomization led by spray impingement, near-wall impingement quasi-conical spray combustion system was developed, in which multi-hole nozzle and impingement orientation part take main roles.
结果表明：撞壁距离、撞壁夹角、碰撞面积等参数对碰撞喷雾的空间分布具有较大影响；在撞壁距离较短、撞壁夹角较小、碰撞面积有限的条件下，在一定范围内通过调整撞壁夹角可实现喷雾贯穿距的设定，随着撞壁夹角的增大喷雾贯穿距减小；与自由喷雾相比，近距撞壁喷雾的雾化时刻提前，液核长度减小，碰撞后喷雾的扩散角、展开宽度增大；另外，通过控制碰撞燃油量比例可实现喷雾空间分布的进一步变化。
Its length is sufficient to allow complete combustion of the propellants before the nozzle accelerates the gas products.
它的长度是足以让完全燃烧的推进剂之前，喷嘴加速天然气产品。
For a definition of the combustion product properties R, To and k, see my nozzle theory page.
一个定义的燃烧产品性能的研究，和钾，看到我的喷嘴理论的网页。
Experiment results indicate: application of conical spray nozzle can effectively improve the form of homogeneous premixed gas in cylinder before ignition and it has the potential of extending in small swept volume diesel engine with inter-cooling and high pressure electronic-controlled injection; ignition can be adjust to near TDC and combustion velocity can be advanced by means of fuel design, it is good for achieving the effective and low-emission approximately constant pressure premixed combustion mode.
结果表明：应用伞喷油嘴有效促进了着火前缸内均质预混合气的形成，具有进一步在小排量增压中冷、高压电喷柴油机上推广的潜力；通过燃料设计可控制着火在上止点附近并提高燃烧速率，有利于实现高效、低排放的近似等压预混合燃烧方式。
In tangential combustion system, the reheat steam temperature can be adjusted by changing burner nozzle angle to just the flame position.
在切向燃烧系统中，通过改变燃烧器喷口的角度可以调节炉内火焰中心位置，可达到调节再热汽温的目的。
H2S gas supplied to the combustion chamber is fed into a burner nozzle.
用燃烧喷嘴将H2S气体注入燃烧室。
Conversely, where it is required to convert the energy stored in the combustion gases to velocity energy, a convergent passage or nozzle (fig. 2-3) is used.
反之，在要求将燃气中储存的能量转换成速度能的场合，便采用收敛通道或喷管工作循环和气流(图2-3)。
That conversion is accomplished by the combustion of the propellants in the combustion chamber, followed by acceleration of the hot gas through a convergent/divergent nozzle to achieve high gas velocities and thrust.
转换是通过燃烧的推进剂在燃烧室，其次是加快了热气体通过一个收敛/发散喷嘴，以实现高瓦斯速度和推力。