Hydraulic forces applied on the agitator are simplified as a main moment and a main force on the agitating shaft, Initial decentration of agitator is determined based on the balance standard. The dynamic responses, such as fluctuating bending stresses and dynamic deflections, of the agitating shaft under no-liquid and normal working conditions are studied.
将搅拌器上的流体作用力简化为一个主矩和主矢；为考虑作用在搅拌轴上的惯性力效应，根据平衡精度预设搅拌器的初始偏心；在转子动力学软件ROTOR中建立搅拌轴的梁盘模型，分别计算了搅拌轴在空载和搅拌工况下的动力响应，并进一步讨论了动力响应与工作转速、轴径和轴长的关系。
When the closing mechanism is actuated, hydraulic pressure is applied to the piston, causing it to move upward and force the sealing clement to extend into the wellbore around the drillstring.
当开动时闭合值的机制，液压施加于活塞，造成它向上移动和强迫宽容的海豹捕猎延伸到井筒在钻具组附近。
Based on the models of unlinear tyre and full vehicle dynamics, the characteristics of the control methods of yaw moment and front wheel active steering under the conditions of excessive vehicle and less steering are analyzed. The technology of unlinear Fuzzy-PID with robustness for vehicle stability control is selected. The Fuzzy-PID controllers are designed whose tracking objects are ideal yaw rate and side slip angle and the outputs are wheel braking force and front wheel steering angle. The simulation experiments by two methods, yaw moment stability control which is based on the optimum slip rate of tyre and active steering control that is based on front wheel nestification, are carried out. The results prove that the vehicles applied Fuzzy-PID control have good performance stability.
依据非线性轮胎模型和整车动力学模型，分析了横摆力矩和前轮主动转向控制模式对汽车过多和不足转向的控制特性，选择鲁棒性强的非线性Fuzzy-PID控制技术进行汽车稳定性控制，设计了Fuzzy-PID控制器，利用汽车理想模型的横摆角速度和质心侧偏角作为控制系统跟踪对象，车轮制动力和前轮叠加转角作为控制输出，以轮胎最优滑移率控制方法进行横摆力矩稳定性控制，以前轮叠加转向进行主动转向控制，按照两种控制模式各自的控制策略分别进行了仿真实验，验证了Fuzzy-PID控制系统能使汽车具有良好的操纵稳定性。
The optical generation signal is obtained from microwave to millimeter wave region by properly adjusting the external applied force.
通过适当调节所施加的外力，可得到从微波到毫米波的光生信号。
Based on the results of experiments, simulation and FEM calculation, the following are found: The values of mechanical properties measured in tensile tests are lower than those measured in compression tests. The inferior properties presented in tensile tests are caused by the damages of material, which are produced at much lower applied loads before yielding and resulted in more microcracks. Many micro-cracks initiate in the elastic condition, which shows the driving force initiating a cleavage crack is the tensile stress rather than the shear stress or the plastic strain. The interlamellar strength is lower than the translamellar strength, and even lower than the yield strength. The tensile properties of duplex microstructures are higher than that of fully lamellar, on the contrary, the fracture toughness of duplex microstructure are lower than that of fully lamellar, which is related to the grain sizes in a way. The intergranular fracture and finer interlamellar fracture are the dominant fracture mechanisms in the duplex microstructure materials, the fully lamellar microstructure materials resulted in more translamellar fracture. The fatigue fracture surface and mono-bending fracture surface presents almost the same mode. The cracks extend directly from a notch or a precrack controlled by the tensile stress. The superblunting, burification and deviating from direction of tensile stress of the crack-tip fronting an obstacle are the main toughening mechanism.
在这些实验与模拟计算的基础上，我们初步分析了TiAl基合金室温断裂机理，得到了以下几个方面的结论：这种材料的拉伸与压缩性能存在很大差异，拉伸性能远低于压缩性能，在拉伸时测得比较差的性能是由于材料在很小载荷拉伸时产生微裂纹，导致了材料的损伤；大量微裂纹产生于弹性阶段，其驱动力是拉伸应力，而不是剪切应力或者塑性应变；沿层强度低于穿层强度，甚至低于屈服强度；双态组织的拉伸性能高于全层组织，而双态组织的断裂韧性低于全层组织，这与晶粒尺寸的大小有一定的关系；双态组织的断裂形态表现出更多的沿晶粒边界断裂和小沿层面断裂，而全层组织中表现出更多的穿层断裂；疲劳裂纹的断裂形态与加载过程中产生的裂纹断裂形态没有本质差别，加载过程中产生的裂纹是疲劳裂纹的延续，是逐渐扩展的过程；无论缺口试件，裂纹试件还是光滑试件，都是逐渐扩展的过程，所以解理断裂为扩展控制，控制的因素为拉伸应力；裂纹扩展时遇到取向不利的经历而引起裂纹尖端的超钝化，分叉，方向偏移是其主要的韧化机理，在裂纹很短时表现出上升的阻力曲线。
The image processing methods are used to extract the contour of the surface, and the textural features are acquired, then the resultant force (normal and/or tangential) when sweeping the surface is modeled. The contact force is generated and applied to the operator through the 6 DOF DELTA hand controller in real time.
它是基于图像处理的方法提取纹理表面的几何轮廓，根据物体表面粗糙特性，分别建立法向和切向的接触力模型，通过6自由度DELTA手控器实时作用于操作者，让操作者感受到触摸虚拟物体表面的作用力，从而实现纹理的力触觉表达。
Importantly, the relationship between the applied force and the combined stress in the beam is linear.
重要的是，之间的关系，适用于部队和组合应力在梁是线性的。
Eg. 1345 kilograms force was applied at the point of the bar.
试验时，在杆的中点加了1345公斤力。
Eg. 1345 kilograms force was applied at the center point of the bar.
试验时，在杆的中点加了1345公斤力。
A mechanics model is presented for the static and dynamic analysis of ship-platform collision system, and the static equivalent intensity analysis is applied to the damaged X diagonal brace member of platform structure. In the course of dynamic elastic-plastic analysis of offshore platforms, the added mass coefficients for the seawater dynamic effect and the structure-pile-soil mutual interaction are considered in the analysis of computational model. The nonlinear springs are introduced for the simulation of the force-deflection relationship of the local indentation for the damaged X diagonal brace. The curve of indentation deformation of the damaged member and different collision contact time is simulated under the velocity of ship being assumed. According to the curve, the formula of indentation deformation of the damaged member and different collision contact time is obtained to determine the maximum impact load.
根据导管架结构受大型船舶撞击后的损伤检测结果，对碰撞过程进行了数值反演计算分析，对构件模型从简单到复杂的思路提出了船舶碰撞海洋平台导管架结构的撞击作用；同时也对船舶撞击平台结构进行了动力响应分析，采用非线性弹簧来模拟受损构件的局部凹陷损伤，考虑了结构—桩—土的相互作用，运用瞬态动力学方法来分析船舶以不同的速度撞击导管架结构的动力响应，确定了船舶对平台结构碰撞的最大动力撞击作用。
The rheological character of a polymer often appears as shear-thinning. Most polymers behaviour in a solution can be explained by the polymer chain or hard sphere theory. Other than that, shear-thickening polymer solution also exists. Its behavior can be explained by dilatant theory, which suggests that the shear-thickening of the solution is due to the swelling of the polymer particles. This phenomenon often occurs in suspension or emulsion. Solution exhibits a mixed behavior can also be found whose behavior is such that shear-thinning occurs under low shear force and shear-thickening occurs under high shear force. Under this circumstance, the viscosity versus shear force graph exhibits a spoon shaped curve. The rheological study can be applied to the dispersion of paint which can predict the dispersion effect of various polymer materials in solution.
中文摘要一般高分子聚合物溶液的流变行为多半呈现剪稀(shear-thinning)的现象，而大部分的高分子在溶液中的行为是以分子链或是硬球观点来解释，另外也有剪稠(shear-thickening)现象的高分子溶液，其流变行为则是以膨胀体观点来解释，即在高剪切力下，由於高分子团体积变大而使溶液黏度升高，这在悬伏液、乳液等常见；但也有在低剪切力下，溶液具有剪稀的行为，而在高剪切力下却成现剪稠的行为，在黏度对剪切力作图时，会呈现出一个勾形曲线的图形；流变行为的探讨可应用在涂布材料的分散技术上，以推测不同的高分子溶液对分散效果的影响。
In this study, we evaluate the seismic capacity of the 69KV transmission tower established by Taiwan Power Company. Seismic force is calculated according to the JIS and domestic code. SAP 2000 structural analysis program and related domestic experimental results are used for buckling and pushover analyses in order to ensure the accuracy. After that, load combinations are applied on the 69KV transmission tower to find out its buckling loads and pushover limit load. The 921 horizontal earthquake force, the minimum seismic force calculated by code, and the limit base shear analyzed by SAP2000 are compared in order to discuss the safety of tower structures.
本文模拟台湾电力公司设立之69KV输电高压铁塔外形进行耐震能力评估，参考日本钢结构规格以及国内建筑物耐震设计规范，计算地震力；并利用SAP2000结构分析程式与国内相关实验进行挫屈分析，以确认其分析之准确性，再针对69KV输电高压铁塔应用相关之载重组合分析其挫屈载重与极限承载能力，并利用921集集大地震测得之水平地震力与SAP2000所分析之基底剪力和规范所计算之最小地震力三者进行比较，以探讨铁塔结构之安全。
A force F is applied tangentially to the axle to lift the wheel.
轮轴 的半径为 0.1 m。现沿轮轴切向施力 F 以拉起轮子。
The article applied this kind of method to force locked cam and grooved cam.
文章将这种方法应用于力锁合凸轮和槽道凸轮。
Regulation in force in Nigeria, penalties will be systematically applied at destination.
任何没有签发CTN的货物都会在目的港收到惩罚。
B A force of 50 lb (222.4 N) applied for 1 minute to any appurtenance accessible to a child.
用一个50 lbf(222.4N)的力加在小孩可碰到的任何附件上，作用时间为1分钟。
In recent years, the method based on residual force vector and applied in structure damage identification has been concerned and some achievements were achieved.
近年来基于残余力向量法的损伤识别技术受到了关注并取得了一定的研究成果。
This article argues that the applied style is not only the component of productive forces, but also the driving force of the development of productive forces.
然而多年来对其功能的研究只限于就事论事的层面，未能与时代的发展、社会的进步联系起来。
RESULTS: When torque force loads were applied, the peak values of Von Mises stress on buccal side, lingual side and mesio distal side of the implant neck were 0.624, 0.652, and 0.603 MPa, respectively, and the peak values of displacement were 0.066, 0.059 and 0.063 μm, respectively.
结果：在扭转力载荷作用下，种植体颈部颊侧、舌侧及近远中侧的Von Mises应力峰值分别为0.624，0.652和0.603 MPa；位移峰值分别为0.066，0.059和0.063 μm。
This method may be applied to calculate tbe magnetic force of other type of permanent magnet and is a new way to study load force of permanet magnets.
而对永久磁铁之间磁场力的计算往往都是在大量的假设前提下，忽略了曲率效应，简化磁化方向，利用标量磁