The fungus infection is increased in recently years, the multi-drug resistant pathogenic bacterium are also increasing. So its very important to choose the antibiotics according to the results of the antibiotics-sensitivity for the VAP treatment.
近年来真菌感染有增多趋势，且细菌多重耐药增加，因此根据药敏结果合理使用抗生素在治疗VAP上尤为重要。
Results The incidence rate of VAP was 365%, and the aged patients accounted for 61%.
结果 VAP的发生率为3 6 5 %，老年患者占61 0 %，晚发性发病占73 3 8%；病原菌以G-杆菌为主，占菌株总数的77 93 %；铜绿假单胞菌，鲍曼不动杆菌，黄杆菌，嗜麦牙寡养单胞菌，金黄色葡萄球菌是VAP的主要致病菌；大多数G-菌对常用的抗菌药物已表现出较高的耐药率。
Results: Gram positive cocci counted for 45.5%, and gram negative bacilli counted fur 53%, while gram positive cocci counted for 7.4%, and gram negative bacilli counted for 88.5% in PICU. The main organisms with VAP were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and fungus.
结果：全院儿童感染细菌的构成比中G球菌所佔比例45.5%，G桿菌佔53.0%，PICI病房感染菌分佈G桿菌明显增加，佔88.5%，G球菌仅佔7.4%，VAP感染菌分别以铜绿假单胞菌，鲍曼不动桿菌，真菌佔前3位。
RESULTS A total of 383 pathogen strains were isolated by bacterial culture. The major pathogenic bacteria in VAP were the Gram2negative bacilli (GNB, 8411%). The Gram2positive bacteria were 1218%(49 strains), the fungi were 311%(12 strains).
前瞻性研究了103 例机械通气患者237 例次VAP 的致病菌分布和耐药性状况，并对早发性和迟发性VAP 的病原学构成进行了对比分析。
Among pathogens, the most common pathogens associated with VAP were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3013%), Acinetobacter baumanii (1115%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1017%), Escherichia coli (716%) and S taphylococcus aureus (618%). Their multiple drug2resistance to antibiotics was serious. Drug sensitivity tests indicated that the GNB had lower drug2 resistance to such antibiotics as imipenem, amikacin, piperacillin/ tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, ciprofloxacin and ticarcillin/ clavulanate. Polymicrobial pathogens were more isolated in late2onset VAP than in early2onset VAP.
结果 共检出致病菌383 株，革兰阴性细菌占8411 %，其中非发菌占5114 %，肠杆菌科占3216 %，革兰阳性球菌占1218 %，其中MRSA和MRSE 占615 %，真菌占311 %；前5 位致病菌分别为铜绿假单胞菌(3013 %)、鲍氏不动杆菌(1115 %)、肺炎克雷伯菌(1017 %)、大肠埃希菌(716 %)、金黄色葡萄球菌(618 %)等；药敏结果显示这几类菌株的多重耐药现象严重，较为敏感的抗菌药物有亚胺培南/西司他丁、阿米卡星、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、环丙沙星及替卡西林/克拉维酸等，革兰阳性细菌均对万古霉素敏感；迟发性VAP 的混合培养比例显著高于早发性VAP。
Subglottic secretion drainage appears effective in preventing early-onset VAP in a meta-analysis reviewing 5 studies and 896 patients.
Subglottic 在5种研究和896名病患的小型分析上声门区分泌物的排出在预防早期作用的VAP上是有效的。
The proportion of Gram-negative bacilli, Gram-positive cocci and eumycete was 68.0%, 23.4% and 8.7% respectively in 184 isolated strains.
铜绿假单胞菌（18.5%）、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌（14.1%）、洋葱伯克霍尔德菌（10.9%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（10.3%）和鲍曼不动杆菌（8.7%）为VAP最常见的病原菌。
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of endogenous infection route in the pathogenesis of ventilator-associated pneumonia by molecular epidemiological methods, in order to explore and develop new prophylactic procedures of VAP.
目的 用分子流行病学方法研究呼吸机相关肺炎内源性感染途径在VAP发病机制中的作用，为探索和发展全新的VAP预防措施提供理论依据。
Methods The samples were taken from the low respiratory tracts of the patients with VAP by protected bronchoscopic specimen brush and were cultured by the method of blood plate cultivation.
经纤维支气管镜保护性样本毛刷采取下呼吸道标本，对内科疾病基础上的VAP和外科疾病基础上的VAP的细菌培养结果进行了统计分析。
Actuated signal control, VISSIM, VAP, microcosmic simulation, Traffic control
感应信号控制，VISSIM，VAP，微观仿真，交通控制
Results There were significant difference of all sperm mobility parameters between normal and abnormal semen groups. As spermatozoa vialibity reduced, VCL, VSL, VAP, MAD, ALH and STR decreased while BCF increased significantly. Compared with the group whose spermatozoa density and activity were both normal, LIN and STR reduced while MAD and BCF increased in the small quantity sperm group. All parameters had significant difference except ALH in the lower sperm activity group. And for the group whose spermatozoa density and activity were both abnormal, only MAD and ALH had no significant difference.
功效 ①正常精液组和很是精液组各项精子动态参数斗劲，均存在统计学差别；②跟着精子存活率的下降，曲线速度、直线速度、平均路径速度、平均移动角度、侧摆幅度、前向性下降较着，鞭打频率呈上升趋向，而直线性、摆动性差别无较着性；③与密度活力正常组斗劲：少精组除LIN、STR有所增添，MAD、BCF有所下降，分歧有统计学意义外，别的五项参数分歧无统计学意义；弱精组除MAD无统计学差别外，别的八项参数均有统计学差别；少弱精组除MAD和ALH无统计学差别外，别的七项参数均有统计学差别。
The presence of risk factors is correlated with VAP.
危险因素的存在与VAP的发生密切相关。
A retrospective analysis was conducted on the patients with VAP in the last two years.
方法回顾性分析和总结63例机械通气病人发生呼吸机相关性肺炎的情况。
Results Of 149 patients, 94 developed VAP.
结果：149例颅脑术后机械通气患者共有94例发生VAP。
Objective To explore the risk factors of ventilator associated pneumonia and provide the guidance for preventing VAP.
目的 探讨呼吸机相关性肺炎发生的危险因素，为VAP的有效防治提供指导。
Methods The clinical record and the pathogen of respiratory tract secretion of 154 cases of VAP patients were analyzed.
分析15 4例VAP的临床资料及呼吸道分泌物细菌培养的结果。
Methods We retrospectively analyzed 79 VAP patients'clinical data, pathogens and it's drug resistance.
方法对79例VAP患者的临床资料及呼吸道分泌物细菌培养的结果进行回顾性分析。
This study was designed to investigate the etiology and high risk factors of neonatal VAP.
由于VAP发病机制的复杂性，目前国内关于VAP的高危因素研究较少。
The main pathogens of VAP were Gram negative organisms (68.63%) whose predominant pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter. On the other hand, 75.40% of Gram positive organisms were Staphylococcus epidermidis. Of the pathogens 20.98% were eumycetes. Compared from June 1996 to June 2001 with from July 2001 to June 2006, there was no significant difference on the incidence rate of P. aeruginosa(31.76% vs 31.58%).During the recent 10 years, the incidence of Acinetobacter rose up from 8.23% to 15.23% and the rate of oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis rose up from 18.75% to 71.43%. The sensitivity of P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter isolates descended to sodium imipenem cilastatin and ceftazidime in past 10 years.
在538例VAP中，2种及2种以上致病菌感染占56.51%；革兰阴性细菌中，铜绿假单胞菌和不动杆菌属为VAP的主要致病菌(68.63%)(385/561)；表皮葡萄球菌感染为VAP的主要革兰阳性致病菌(75.40%)(95/126)；真菌占20.98%(183/872)；铜绿假单胞菌在两个时间段所占比例无明显变化，不动杆菌属的检出率呈上升趋势(8.23%～15.23%)；铜绿假单胞菌和不动杆菌属对亚胺培南、头孢他啶的敏感性明显下降，耐苯唑西林表皮葡萄球菌的检出率显著升高(18.75%～71.43%)。
Age, period of mechanical ventilator, nasogastric feeding, use of antiacid and antibiotics were related to the development with VAP.
VAP的发生与年龄、机械通气时间、鼻饲、抑酸剂及抗生素的应用有关。