The son of nicomachus, the personal physician of king amyntas of Macedonia, Aristotle entered Plato`s academy at the age of seventeen and quickly became Plato's most prodigious pupil.
他的父亲叫尼科马可，是马其顿王艾米达斯的私人医生。亚里斯多德17岁时进入了柏拉图的学院，迅速成长为柏拉图学生中的翘楚。
Virtue (or excellence; as with Plato, the word arete means both) is a state of being or an aspect of character and does not come by nature.
美德（柏拉图称优点，希腊字arete意味着两者）是种存在的情境，或是种特质的状况，而且不是天生的。
This text is to seek the social origin of Plato national ideal and to analyze realistic foundation of his national ideal and break-away from the realistic factor.
本文试探求柏拉图国家理想产生的社会根源，并分析其国家理想中的现实基础和脱离现实的因素。
Plato said: some lose is predestined, some fate is never have the result.
柏拉图说：有些失去是注定的，有些缘分是永远不会有结果的。
In Plato's Republic, I'm sure he'd have had the same.
我确信在柏拉图的理想国里也会有同样做法。
Besides Plato himself, Ariston and Perictione had three other children; these were two sons, Adeimantus and Glaucon, and a daughter Potone, the mother of Speusippus (the nephew and successor of Plato as head of his philosophical Academy).
除了柏拉图自己，阿里斯顿和培里克琼还有三个孩子；其中两个儿子--阿得曼托斯与格老孔，一个女儿--波托妮—是斯伯乌丝布（柏拉图的外甥，也是柏拉图哲学学园的接班人）的母亲。
Concern with metaknowledge dates to antiquity, especially to some of the analyses of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.
关于知识更新可回溯到古代，尤其是可以回溯到苏哥拉第、柏拉图、亚里斯多德的某些分析。
Plato, it will be remembered, thought it superstitious to look back and go into questions of responsibility or the previous history of a crime except when it might throw light on what was needed to cure the criminal.
应该牢记，柏拉图认为，回顾并步入关于责任或者一种犯罪以前的历史是迷信的，除非当这对治疗罪犯所需要的东西有所启发之时。
Plato, one of the great wrestling philosophers, could be describing the official Chinese attitude to these Games, wherein the individual is swallowed up by the team performance of a nation
他们得到的报酬是他们以及他们的儿女都由公家供养。他们所需要的一切，都由公家配给。活着为全国公民所敬重，死后受哀荣备至的葬
Plato`s Symposium 211: c
柏拉图的《会饮》211：c
It can only be understood by those who have read the Symposium of Plato, or caught the spirit of a certain grave mood made beautiful for us in Greek marbles.
只有那些读过柏拉图的《会饮篇》，或者对希腊雕像优美地为我们传达出来的某种凝重情调得其神韵的人，才能理解信中的意思。
On the one hand, he drew a clear line between human ignorance and ideal knowledge; on the other, Plato's Symposium (Diotima's Speech) and Republic describe a method for ascending to wisdom.
一方面，他在人类的无知与完美的知识进行了明确的区分。另一方面，柏拉图的《会饮篇》和《理想国》中描述了一种升至智慧的方法。
Someone ripped off a page from plato's Symposium, the page discussing the idea of beauty.
拒绝神化，躲避崇高，是这个时代的常识，不过一提及严肃话题，就遭人嘲弄
Plato in his Symposium and Phaedrus argued that love begins with a desire for personal beauty, but its spiritual ascent culminates in a desire for beauty in itself, that is the love of wisdom.
柏拉图在他的《会饮篇》和《裴多篇》中论证说：爱始于对人的美貌的期待，但其精神会最终升华到对自身中的美的期望，这就是爱智慧。
Ma Yifu and Qian Mu advocated reconstructing Chinese culture by assimilat-ing foreign culture at the base of rejuvenating the Confucianism; by breaking down the barriersbetween the schools of the Han and the Song Dynasties; by compromising the argument betweenZhu Xi and Lu Jiuyuan; by synthesizing the opinions of Hundred Schools and achieving masterythrough a comprehensive study, He Lin attempted to set up an ideal ideahstic philosophical systemwith the Lu-Wang's school of Mind as its main bady, mixing Chinese Buddhism, Taoism, Hun-dred Schools and western philosophy of Plato, Aristoteles, kant and Hegel together.
梁漱溟首举孔孟义旗，以回归儒家心性之学为心路，开启了现代新儒学的精神方向；张君劢步其后挑起科学论战，提出复兴宋学的口号；熊十力冥心独造，历经十载营造了现代新儒学的第一个心性本体论体系；马一浮、钱穆以复兴儒学作为吸收外来文化的前提，提倡破汉宋疆域，调和程朱陆王，综罗百家，融汇贯通，重建中国文化。
Plato made a very careful description of knowledge requirement here, with two different similes – divided Line and cave, to interpret the route led to this supreme principle. He first discriminates and defines the classification of knowledge and their corresponding subordinated soul states in the divided line simile, then in the cave simile, he brings up the primitive uneducated state of the human nature, and the different states after educated or enlightened, to explain the importance of education or the upward journey of soul.
柏拉图在这里做了一个很仔细的关於知识要求的描述，以两个不同的类比—线段和洞穴，去说明达致这个最高的原理原则的路径，他先在线段譬喻中对知识种类与其对应的灵魂从属状态做区分与定义，然后在洞穴譬喻中，由人类在其本性上未受教育的最初状态，和经过教育或启发后不同的状态，来解释教育、或灵魂必须向上攀升的重要性。
The historical reason for Plato positing the invariable Forms, which are totally apart from the variable sensible things, is remarked by Aristotle that: on the one hand, having been agreed with Cratylus and the Heracllitean doctrines that all sensible things are always in a state of flux and that no science of them exists, yet on the other hand, taking into account the Socrates` efforts to find general definitions of ethical terms, Plato, having been inspired by both views, thinks that there must be some invariable things, i. e. Forms, which are totally apart from the variable sensible things and could only be thought with logos, as the causes of the sensible things. Therefore, the soul could recollect and think of Forms by perceiving these sensible things, which participate in the corresponding Forms. Hence, Plato saves the phenomena and secures the possibility for soul of thinking and knowing the truth by his theory of Forms.
柏拉图设立那与变动的感觉现象完全分离的「不变动的『相』」作为知识得以成立的条件，这个历史缘由可从亚里士多德的记载当中知道：一方面，柏拉图认同克拉梯楼斯与赫拉克利图学派所主张的感觉现象的永远流动、无一停留，并因此认为绝不可能有关於感觉现象的知识，然而，另一方面，那致力於伦理事物研究的苏格拉底则坚持必定有那可被定义的知识对象得以被思考与认知；由於受到这两方所坚持的信念，柏拉图则在为了拯救现象并使思考与知识得以可能的情况下，他设立了那必须与变动的感觉现象完全分离的相来作为感觉现象之所以如此存在的原因，并在透过那分有相的感觉现象当中，灵魂得以思考并回忆起关於相的知识，而由此拯救现象并保全灵魂得以思考且获得知识的可能性。
He read the books of Plato, and built a system of doctrines.
他阅读了柏拉图的著作，建立了一个教义体系。
Plato built up a comprehensive system of philosophy.
柏拉图建立起了全面的哲学体系。
There is little of Mysticism in the first schools of Greek philosophy, but it already takes a large place in the system of Plato, eg, in his theory of the world of ideas, of the origin of the world soul and the human soul, in his doctrine of recollection and intuition.
有一点神秘主义在第一学校的希腊哲学，但它已经采取一个大的地方，在该系统的柏拉图，例如，在他的理论对世界的想法，起源，世界的灵魂和人的灵魂，在他的学说的记忆和直觉。